Ham Radio/Ham Radio CD-ROM (Emerald Software) (1995).ISO/news/today/today.ful

Text File | 1991-02-24 | 192KB | 4,105 lines

DATE
TODAY Database.  Updated: 25-Feb-91
&&
AUTHOR
DX PacketCluster TODAY database by:
   Chuck Strobel, K6PBT
   P. O. Box 883
   Magalia, CA 95954-0883

Please send updates, corrections or comments,
to the above address or via:
   CompuServe 75056,644
   Prodigy DCGP94A
   PacketCluster DXPSN Node:W6GO
   DX-BBS [phone]

Include date/version of database.  Type SH/TODAY DATE.
&&
#LIS
SHow/TODAY was inspired by a PC program called TODAY by Patrick Kincaid.
A daily view of TODAYs databank of trivia events can provide you with
conversation info for some of your daily QSO's.  Type SHow/TODAY [date],
where "date" is a 4-digit key; 01-12 for the month, and 01-31 for the day.
Ex: SH/TODAY 0521 will display events for May 21st.

Your updates and suggestions are welcomed.  SH/TODAY AUTHOR for info.
Datebase by: K6PBT   Distributed by W6GO/K6HHD via DX-BBS and GODISK.
&&
#INSTALL

PRIMARY SERVING NODE:
---------------------
To install TODAY, load the following files into your PACKCLUS\DB directory:

   TODAY.LIS    Shown to user if no argument used with SH/TODAY
   TODAY.FUL    The database file
   TODAY.IDX    The database index
   TODAY.PRE    Shown to user before the specific request
   TODAY.NF     Shown to user if requested information not found
   TODAY.AOK    Shown to user if update is attempted

NOTE:  The database index may not always be included.  If it is missing,
       you will need to perform the following using the MAKEIDX utility:

       MAKEIDX TODAY.FUL 1200

Next, add the following lines to your SYSOP.DAT file:

SET/COMMAND TODAY TODAY.LIS TODAY.FUL/TODAY.IDX TODAY.PRE * TODAY.NF
SET/COMMAND/COMMENT TODAY  Events of yesteryear!  Did you know...?

If you did not shut down the node to install the database, type in the
above two lines as SYSOP commands.

After reviewing the DOC files, PBT_DB.DOC and TODAY.DOC, you may delete them
from your database directory.  You should store the database ZIP file in a
save place.

REMOTE NODE:
------------
Other nodes may access the database from the SERVING node by adding lines
to their SYSOP.DAT and/or typing in the lines as a command.  If the callsign
of the node where the database is installed is WB6EXC, then the other nodes
would execute the following commands:

SET/COMMAND TODAY * * * * * WB6EXC
SET/COMMAND/COMMENT TODAY  Events of yesteryear!  Did you know...?

CLUSTER COMPANION:
------------------
Users of Cluster Companion should install the database following the same
procedure as PRIMARY SERVING NODE above, but observing the proper directory
and callsign entries for that user.

PCDB:
-----
Users of the PacketCluster Database Reader program should install the
database files into the directory shown in the SET/DIRECTORY line of their
SYSOP.DAT file.  If no entry, install in same directory where PCDB resides.
The following command in SYSOP.DAT should be entered:

SET/COMMAND TODAY #LIS TODAY.FUL/TODAY.IDX #PRE * #NF

An additional (optional) entry would be:

SET/COMMAND/COMMENT TODAY  Events of yesteryear!  Did you know...?

DIFFICULTY:
-----------
Should any difficulty be experienced installing any database files, or you
need more information, you may wish to read over Database Installation in
your manual (or DOC file) with PacketCluster, Cluster Companion, or PCDB.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Please read the file PBT_DB.DOC which is included with the TODAY.ZIP file.
This file contains information on other databases, where and how you may
obtain them.

PacketCluster, Cluster Companion, and PacketCluster Database Reader (PCDB)
are trademarks of Pavillion Software.
&&
#PRE
DX PacketCluster - TODAY's HISTORY - On this day in:
&&
#NF
TODAY: %s was not found.  Was the date entry correct?  SH/TODAY for info.
&&
#AOK
!This database is read-only.  Please type SH/TODAY AUTHOR for update info.
&&
0101
1804 Haiti gained its independence.
1863 the Emancipation Proclamation was issued by Lincoln.
1898 Lightship replaces whistling buoy at mouth of San Francisco Bay.
1902 the 1st Rose Bowl game was held in Pasadena; Mich 49, Stanford 0.
1912 1st running of SF's famed "Bay to Breakers" race (7.63 miles).
1934 Alcatraz officially became a Federal Prison.
1949 Mitzi Dolphina Dolphis, who gained fame as "Flipper", was born.
1956 Sudan gained its independence
1958 the European Economic Community (EEC) started operation.
1984 AT&T was broken up into 8 companies.
And on this day:
     New Years Day.  The start of a new year.  Enjoy the bowl games.
     Remember PLEASE ... IF YOU DRINK, DON'T DRIVE!
     Independence Day, celebrated in Haiti and Sudan
&&
0102
1788 Georgia became the 4th state to enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1921 the DeYoung Museum in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, opened.
1957 the San Francisco and Los Angeles stock exchanges merged.
1991 W1AW code practice from ARRL moved frequency on 15- and 10-meter
     bands to 21.0675 and 28.0675 MHz.
&&
0103
1521 Martin Luther was excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church.
1888 the 1st drinking straw was patented.
1912 Southern Pacific RR offered to bring the Liberty Bell to the
     San Francisco Exposition without charge.
1938 the "March of Dimes" and polio campaign was organized.
1959 Alaska became the 49th state to enter the Union.
1977 Apple Computer was incorporated.
&&
0104
1896 Utah became the 45th state to enter the Union.
1982 the Golden Gate Bridge was closed for the 3rd time by fierce storms.
And on this day:
     National Trivia Day.
&&
0105
1781 a British naval expedition led by traitor Benedict Arnold burned
     Richmond, VA.
1850 the California Exchange opened.
1925 Nellie Taylor Ross of Wyoming became 1st female governor.
1933 work on Golden Gate Bridge began, on the Marin County side.
1983 Elizabeth Dole became 1st female to head the Transportation Dept.
&&
0106
1540 England's King Henry VIII married his 4th wife, Ann of Cleves.
1838 Samuel Morse demonstrated the telegraph for the 1st time.
1912 New Mexico became the 47th state to enter the Union.
1914 the stock brokerage firm of Merrill Lynch was founded.
1942 Pam Am Clipper landed in NY after a 200-hr round-the-world flight.
And on this day:
     Epiphany (Twelfth Night in England)
&&
0107
1610 Galileo discovered the 4 major moons of Jupiter.
1714 the typewriter was patented (it was built years later).
1782 Philadelphia's Bank of No. America opened; 1st U.S. commercial bank.
1785 the 1st balloon flight across the English Channel.
1789 the 1st United States presidential voting.
1927 London to New York telephone service began.
1929 "Tarzan", one of the first adventure comic strips appeared.
1963 First Class postage increased from 4 cents to 5 cents.
1968 First Class postage increased from 5 cents to 6 cents.
1968 the Surveyor VII landed on the moon.
&&
0108
1815 Battle of New Orleans, made a hero out of Andrew Jackson (the
     War of 1812 had ended on 12/24/1814, but nobody knew that.)
1880 the passing of Norton I, Emperor of the U.S., Protector of Mexico.
1932 ratification of present San Francisco City Charter.
1959 Charles De Gaulle became president of France.
&&
0109
1788 Connecticut became the 5th state to enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1793 the 1st balloon flight from Philadelphia to Woodbury, NJ.
1799 the 1st income tax was imposed, in England.
1847 the 1st San Francisco paper, "California Star", was published.
1848 1st commercial bank in San Francisco was established.
1942 Joint Chief of Staffs was created.
1982 a 5.9 earthquake in New England/Canada; last one was in 1855.
&&
0110
1776 "Common Sense" by Thomas Paine was published.
1840 the Penny Post mail system was started.
1863 the 1st underground railway opened in London.
1870 John D. Rockefeller incorporated Standard Oil.
1945 the Los Angeles Railway (with 5 streetcar lines) forced to close.
1946 man made its 1st contact with the moon, bouncing radar signals
     off the surface.
1946 the UN held its 1st General Assembly meeting in London.
&&
0111
1785 Continental Congress convened in New York City.
1807 Ezra Cornell, who founded Western Union Telegraph & Cornell
     University, was born.
1813 the first pineapples were planted in Hawaii.
1935 Amelia Earhart became 1st woman to fly across Pacific to Hawaii.
1964 Surgeon General Luther Terry released a report calling cigarettes
     a "health hazard".
&&
0112
1773 1st public museum opened, in Charleston, South Carolina.
1915 the House of Representatives rejected proposal giving women
     the right to vote.
1932 Hattle Caraway became 1st woman elected Senator (D-Ark).
1945 a U.S. Task Force sank 40 Japanese ships off Indochina.
&&
0113
1733 James Oglethorpe and colonists settled in present-day Georgia.
1854 Anthony Foss obtained a patent for the Accordion.
1915 29,980 were killed in a 7.5 earthquake which struck Italy.
1920 a N.Y. Times Editorial said rockets can never fly.
1962 TV comedian Ernie Kovacs died in a car crash in west Los Angeles.
1966 Robert Weaver became 1st black Cabinet member.
1971 Apollo 14 was launched (what was that about rockets can't fly??)
1982 an Air Florida jet liner crashed into Washington's 14th Street
     bridge into icy waters killing 78.
&&
0114
1639 "Fundamental Orders" adopted in Connecticut, 1st Constitution
     in American colonies.
1784 the U.S ratifies treaty with England ending the Revolutionary War.
1914 Henry Ford introduced the Assembly Line for his cars.
1936 L.M. "Mario" Giannini was elected president of Bank of America.
1952 NBC's "Today" show premiered.
&&
0115
1777 New Connecticut (later Vermont) became its own republic.
1861 the Steam elevator patented by Elisha Otis, forming base for his
     elevator company.
1927 the Dunbarton Bridge, 1st bridge in Bay Area, opened.
1948 the Pentagon Building in Washington was completed.
1967 the 1st Super Bowl game; Green Bay 35, Kansas City 10.
1991 the Persian Gulf War started; the U.S. and Allies began attack
     against Iraq after its invasion of Kuwait.
&&
0116
1865 San Francisco Dramatic Chronicle began (San Francisco Chronicle).
1883 the Civil Service was established.
1887 the Cliff House was badly damaged when a cargo of powder on the
     schooner "Parallel" exploded nearby.
1920 Prohibition went into effect.
1964 "Hello Dolly" opened in New York City.
1978 NASA named 35 astronauts including 1st woman and black.
And on this day:
     National Nothing Day
&&
0117
1861 the Flush toilet was patented by Mr. Thomas Crapper (Honest!!).
1871 the first Cable Car was patented by Andrew S. Hallidie.
1893 Kingdom of Hawaii became a republic.
1917 the U.S. paid Denmark $25 million for the Virgin Islands.
1946 the UN Security Council held its 1st meeting.
1957 a 9-county commission recommended creation of BART.
1984 the Supreme Court ruled home VCR taping of TV shows for later
     viewing, does not violate Federal Copyright Laws.
&&
0118
1644 the 1st UFO sighting in America, by perplexed Pilgrims in Boston.
1778 Captain James Cook discovered the Hawaiian Islands.
1869 the elegant California Theatre opened in San Francisco.
1911 1st shipboard landing of a plane (from Tanforan Park to the
     USS Pennsylvania).
1912 the English explorer Robert F. Scott and his party reached the
     South Pole only to discover that Roald Amundsen had beaten them
     to it.  Scott and his party died during the return trip.
1919 the World War I Peace Congress opened in Versailles, France.
&&
0119
1825 Ezra Dagget received patent for storing food in tin cans.
1903 1st regular transatlantic radio broadcast between U.S. & England.
1937 Howard Hughes set a cross-country flight record from LA to Newark
     in 7 hours and 28 minutes.
1955 the 1st presidential news conference was filmed for television.
1977 President Ford pardoned American Iva D'Aquino for her Japanese
     wartime broadcasts as "Tokyo Rose".
&&
0120
1265 1st English Parliament called into session by the Earl of Leicester.
1872 the California Stock Exchange Board was organized.
1887 the Senate approved an agreement to lease Pearl Harbor in Hawaii
     as a naval base.
1937 President FDR became 1st Chief Executive to be inaugurated on
     on Jan 20th instead of Mar 4th because of the 20th Amendment.
1942 Nazi officials held the notorious Wannsee conference in Berlin,
     at which they decided on their "final solution" calling for
     the extermination of Europe's Jews.
1945 President FDR sworn into office for an unprecedented 4th term.
1960 the largest new building on the campus of UOP Stockton was named
     after Grace A. Covell, a millionaire philanthropist.
1981 Iran released U.S. hostages.
1986 1st Federal holiday observed in honor of Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.
And on this day:
     Reindeer Day
&&
0121
1813 the pineapple was introduced to Hawaii.
1908 New York City enacted an ordinance that made smoking by women in
     public punishable by a fine and up to 10-days imprisonment.
1954 the submarine USS Nautilus was launched.
1976 Britain and France put the supersonic Concorde jet into service.
1977 President Carter pardoned almost all Vietnam War draft evaders.
1979 Neptune became the outermost planet (Pluto moves closer).
&&
0122
1850 The Alta California became a daily paper, 1st such in California.
1949 the Chinatown telephone exchange, in San Francisco, closed.
1989 Super Bowl XXIII was won by San Francisco over Cincinnati, 20-16.
&&
0123
1789 Georgetown University was established in Washington D.C., at
     the future site of the nation's capital.
1845 Congress decided all national elections would be held on the
     first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
1964 the 24th amendment to the Constitution was ratified, eliminating
     the poll tax in federal elections.
1968 the USS Pueblo was seized by North Korea.
1970 Australis-Oscar 5 was launched.
1973 Pres. Nixon announced an accord was reached to end the Vietnam War.
And on this day:
     National Handwriting Day
&&
0124
1848 James Marshall found gold in Sutter's Mill in Coloma.
1899 the rubber heel was patented by Humphrey O'Sullivan.
1908 first Boy Scout troop formed, in England by Robert Baden-Powell.
1922 Christian K. Nelson of Onawa, Iowa, patented the Eskimo Pie.
1924 Petrograd was renamed Leningrad.
1935 the 1st beer in cans was sold.
1946 Fire burned a county fairground building in Stockton, CA being
     used as a recreation/mess hall for German prisoners of war.
1982 the SF 49'ers won Super Bowl (XVI), defeating Cincinnati, 26-21.
1986 the Voyager II flew past Uranus.
&&
0125
1533 King Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn.
1890 Reporter Nellie Bly completed a round-the-world trip in 72 hours.
1915 Alexander Bell in New York called Thomas Watson in San Francisco.
     and inaugurated the U.S. transcontinental phone service.
1949 the 1st Emmy Awards were given out.
1959 1st transcontinental flight by American Airlines, LA to NY for $301.
1961 President JFK held 1st live televised presidential news conference.
1981 52 American hostages held by Iran for 444 days arrived in the U.S.
And on this day:
     The start of the Chinese New Year.
&&
0126
1784 Ben Franklin wrote his daughter expressing unhappiness over the
     choice of the eagle as America's symbol; his choice, the turkey.
1788 1st settlement established by the English in Australia.
1837 Michigan became the 26th state to enter the Union.
1950 India became a republic.
1962 Ranger II was launched to land scientific instruments on the moon.
     The probe missed by some 22,000 niles!
And on this day:
     Australia Day, celebrated in (where else?) Australia
&&
0127
1880 Thomas Edison received patent for his electric incandescent lamp.
1888 the National Geographic Society was founded.
1926 1st public demonstration of television.
1948 the 1st Tape Recorder was sold.
1951 Era of atomic testing began in the Nevada desert as a one-kiloton
     bomb was dropped on Frenchman Flats.
1961 Astronauts "Gus" Grissom, Ed White and Roger Chaffee died in a
     flash fire on Apollo I spacecraft at Cape Kennedy, Florida.
1973 Vietnam peace accords signed in Paris bringing to an end the
     longest foreign war in U.S. history.
1977 Vatican reaffirmed Roman Catholic Church's ban on female priests.
&&
0128
1547 England's King Henry VIII died; was succeeded by his 9-yr old son
     Edward the VI.
1807 London's Pall Mall was the 1st street lit by gaslight.
1878 George W. Coy hired as 1st full-time telephone operator as 1st
     telephone switchboard went into operation in New Haven, Conn.
1878 1st daily college newspaper (Yale News) began in New Haven, Conn.
1909 the United States ended direct control over Cuba.
1973 a cease-fire officially went into effect in the Vietnam War.
1986 Space-shuttle "Challenger" exploded  ?  seconds after liftoff
     killing all 7 crew members; Scobee, Smith, McNair, Onizuka,
     Resnik, Jarvis, McAuliffe.
&&
0129
1861 Kansas became the 34th state to enter the Union.
1901 Allen B. DuMont, who designed 1st commercially practical cathode
     ray tube, was born.
1904 1st athletic letters were given: to Univ. of Chicago football team.
1929 "The Seeing Eye" guide-dog foundation was organized.
&&
0130
1649 King Charles I was beheaded.
1847 Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco.
1862 the U.S. Navy's 1st ironclad warship, the "Monitor", was launched.
1917 the 1st jazz record in the United States was cut.
1933 1st episode of "The Lone Ranger" radio program was broadcast
     on station WXYZ in Detroit.
&&
0131
1606 Guy Fawkes, convicted for his part in the "Gunpowder Plot"
     against the English Parliament and King James I, was executed.
1851 San Francisco Orphan's Asylum, 1st in California, founded.
1865 Gen. Robert E. Lee named commander-in-chief of Confederate armies.
1911 Congress passed resolution naming San Francisco as the site
     of the celebration of the opening of the Panama Canal.
1949 1st daytime soap "These Are My Children" premiered on NBC.
1950 President Harry S. Truman ordered development of the hydrogen bomb.
1958 the 1st United States satellite, Explorer I was launched.
1961 Ham the chimp was 1st animal sent into space by the U.S.
1971 Apollo 14 launched, 1st landing in lunar highlands.
&&
0201
1793 France declared war on Spain, Great Britain and Holland,
     the war of the First Coalition.
1867 Bricklayers start working 8-hour days.
1920 the 1st armored car was introduced.
&&
0202
1536 Buenos Aires, Argentina founded by Pedro de Mendoza of Spain.
1653 New Amsterdam, now New York City, was incorporated.
1848 Mexico sells U.S. Texas, California, New Mexico and Arizona.
1876 National Baseball League was formed with 8 teams in New York.
1880 SS Strathleven arrived in London with 1st successful shipment
     of frozen mutton from Australia.
1943 Nazi forces from Battle of Stalingrad surrendered to the Soviets.
1960 20th Century Fox began filming "High Time" with Bing Crosby and
     Fabian, on College of the Pacific campus in Stockton, CA.
1962 8 of the 9 planets aligned for the 1st time in 400 years.
1971 Idi Amin assumed power in Uganda from ousted President Obote.
And on this day:
     Groundhog Day
&&
0203
1690 1st paper money in America issued by the colony of Masssachusetts.
     Was used to pay soldiers fighting a war against Quebec.
1913 16th Amendment was ratified providing for a federal income tax.
1918 Twin Peaks Tunnel, longest (11,920 feet) streetcar tunnel in
     the world, began service with the K-Ingleside streetcar.
1991 First Class postage was raised to 29 cents from 25 cents.
&&
0204
1789 George Washington chosen by electors to be 1st chief executive.
1801 John Marshall was sworn in as chief justice of the United States.
1861 delegates from 6 southern states met in Montgomery, Ala., to
     form the Confederate States of America.
1932 1st Winter Olympics was held at Lake Placid, New York.
1938 Thornton Wilder's play "Our Town" opened on Broadway.
1948 Ceylon, now Sri Lanka, gained independence.
1974 newspaper heiress Patricia Hearst was kidnapped by the SLA.
1975 22,000 people died in a severe earthquake which struck the
     countries of Guatemala and Honduras.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Sri Lanka.
&&
0205
1881 Phoenix, Arizona became incorporated.
1983 Gestapo official Klaus Barbie was expelled from Bolivia and brought
     to France for war crimes trial.
&&
0206
1788 Massachusetts became the 6th state to enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
And on this day:
     New Zealand Day, celebrated in (where else?) New Zealand
&&
0207
1827 "The Deserter", first ballot performed in U.S., was presented
     at the Bowery Theater in New York.
1904 a fire in Baltimore burned 30 hours destroying over 1500 buildings.
1971 women in Switzerland won the right to vote.
1974 the island nation of Grenada won independence from Great Britain.
1986 Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haiti's president-for-life, fled his country
     ending 28 years of his family's rule.
&&
0208
1587 Mary Queeen of Scots (Mary Stuart) was executed at Fotheringay.
1693 Charter granted for College of William & Mary, 2nd U.S. college,
     in Williamsburg, Va.
1883 Louis Waterman began experiments that invented the fountain pen.
1908 the Boy Scouts of America was incorporated.
1922 President Harding had a radio installed in the White House.
1924 the 1st execution by lethal gas at the Nevada State prison.
&&
0209
1825 the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams president
     after no candidate received a majority of electoral votes.
1877 the U.S. Weather Service was established.
1889 Congress elevated the Dept. of Agriculture to Cabinet-level status.
1938 winds of hurricane proportions hit Stockton/Lodi area causing
     severe damage estimated over $1 million.
1962 Jamaica became an independent nation within British Commonwealth.
1969 the Boeing 747 took its 1st commercial flight.
1971 Apollo 14 returned to Earth after man's third landing on the moon.
1977 Queen Alia of Jordan, first to be named queen, was killed in a
     crash of a military helicopter.  (3rd wife of King Hussein)
&&
0210
1763 Treaty of Paris ended the French and Indian War in America.
1846 members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the
     Mormons, began an exodus to the west from Illinois.
1863 Showman P.T. Barnum staged the wedding of midgets Tom Thumb and
     Mercy Lavinia Warren in New York City.
1911 Stockton, CA was known as best show town in state with 1st-class
     shows appearing regularly at the Yosemite Theatre.
1933 1st singing telegram introduced by Postal Telegraph Co. in N.Y.C.
1947 peace treaties between the Allies and 5 Axis powers were signed.
1949 "Death of a Salesman", by Arthur Miller, opened on Broadway.
1962 the Soviet Union exchanged captured U-2 pilot Francis Gary
     Powers for Rudolph Ivanovich Abel, a Soviet spy held by the U.S.
1967 the 25th Amendment went into effect addressing presidential
     disability and succession.
&&
0211
1858 a French girl, Bernadette Soubirous, claimed to have seen a
     vision of the Virgin Mary near Lourdes.
1929 Vatican City (world's smallest country) was made an enclave of Rome.
1936 pumping began to build Treasure Island in San Francisco bay.
1972 McGraw-Hill Publishing and Life magazine canceled plans to publish
     an autobiography of Howard Hughes which turned out to be fake.
1977 President Jimmy Carter became 1st chief executive to fly aboard a
     military version of the Boeing 707 that would serve as the nation's
     airborne command post in wartime.
1989 Last Soviet convoys left Afghanistan after a 13-year occupation.
&&
0212
1541 Santiago, Chile was founded.
1908 1st around-the-world automobile race began in New York ending the
     following August in Paris.
1909 the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
     was established.
1924 George Gershwin's "Rhapsody in Blue" premiered in New York with
     Paul Whiteman leading the orchestra and Gershwin at the piano.
1945 San Francisco was selected for site of United Nations Conference.
1973 1st American prisoners of war from the Vietnam War were released.
&&
0213
1542 the fifth wife of England's King Henry VII, Catherine Howard, was
     executed after being accused of adultery.
1633 Italian astronomer Galileo arrived in Rome for Inquisition trial
     to repudiate the Copernican system.
1741 1st magazine in U.S. was published.
1920 the Leaque of Nations recognize the perpetual neutrality of
     Switzerland.
1937 "Prince Valiant" comic strip appears; known for historical
     detail and fine detail drawing.
1945 Allied bombing raids began against the German city of Dreaden.
1960 France tests its 1st atomic bomb in the Sahara Desert.
&&
0214
1848 President James K. Polk became the first chief executive to be
     photographed while in office as he posed for Matthew Brady in N.Y.
1859 Oregon became the 33rd state to enter the Union.
1876 Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray filed separate patents for
     the telephone.  U.S. Supreme Court later ruled Bell the inventor.
1912 Arizona became the 48th state to enter the Union.
1991 for 1st time in U.S. history a codeless Amateur Radio license became
     available (with different privileges, the Technician Class became
     a license with either code or nocode).
And on this day:
     St. Valentine's Day (dates back to a Roman feast, Lupercalia).
&&
0215
1763 Treaty of Hubertusburg between Austria and Prussia ended the
     Seven Years' War.
1764 the city of St. Louis was established.
1842 a private mail service in NYC introduced 1st adhesive postage stamp.
1861 Fort Point, protecting San Francisco Bay, completed and garrisoned.
1879 President Rutherford B. Hayes signs bill to allow women attorneys
     to argue cases in before the U.S. Supreme Court.
1898 U.S. battleship Maine exploded and sank in Havana harbor.
1942 the British colony of Singapore surrenders to Japanese during WWII.
1965 Canada's new flag, with Maple-leaf design, was unhurled in Ottawa.
1982 84 men were killed on the oil-drilling rig "Ocean Ranger" which
     sank off Newfoundland during a fierce storm.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0216
1804 Lt. Stephen Decatur led a raid into Tripoli Harbor to burn the
     U.S. Navy frigate Philadelphia which fell into hands of pirates.
1862 Gen. Ulysses S. Grant earned nickname of "Unconditional Surrender
     Grant" after 14,000 Confederate soldiers surrendered at Fort
     Donnelson, Tenn. during the Civil War.
1868 the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks was organized in NYC.
1883 Ladies Home Journal began publication.
1914 1st airplane flight to Los Angeles from San Francisco.
1923 Howard Carter finds the Pharoah Tutankhamun.
1945 during WWII 2,000 American soldiers dropped onto the island
     of Corregidor in the Philippines.
1959 Fidel Castro became president of Cuba after overthrow of Balista.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0217
1817 a street in Baltimore became 1st to be lighted by gas from
     America's first gas company.
1876 sardines were first canned, in Eastport, Maine.
1878 1st telephone exchange in San Francisco opened with 18 phones.
1904 Giacomo Puccini's opera "Madama Butterfly" received poor reception
     at its premiere at La Scala in Milan, Italy.
1985 First-class postage increased from 20 cents to 22 cents.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0218
1849 1st regular steamboat service to California started with the
     arrival of the "California".
1850 Legislature created the 9 Bay Area counties.
1885 Mark Twain's "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" was published in
     United States for the first time.
1899 San Francisco named as a port of dispatch for Army transports.
1930 the ninth planet of the solar system, Pluto, was discovered.
1939 Golden Gate International Exposition opened on Treasure Island
     (built for the occasion) in San Francisco Bay.
1956 1st monorail system in U.S. made trial run in Houston, Texas.
1972 the California Supreme Court struck down the state's death penalty.
And on this day:
     National Bun Day in Iceland
     (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0219
1878 Thomas Alva Edison patented the phonograph.
1942 President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed executive order allowing
     the wartime detention and internment of Japanese-Americans.
1945 Marines land on Iwo Jima.
1963 the Soviet Union informed President Kennedy it would withdraw
     "several thousand" of 17,000 Soviet troops in Cuba.
1977 President Ford pardoned Iva Toguri D'Aquino ("Tokyo Rose").
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0220
1873 University of California got its 1st Medical School (UC/SF).
1901 1st territorial legislature of Hawaii convenes.
1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition opens in San Francisco.
1931 Congress allows California to build the Oakland-Bay Bridge.
1962 John Glenn became the 1st American to orbit the Earth.
1965 the Ranger VIII spacecraft crashed on the moon after having sent
     back thousands of pictures of the lunar surface.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0221
1804 1st self-propelled locomotive on rails demonstrated, in Wales.
1874 Oakland Daily Tribune began publication.
1878 the 1st Telephone book was issued by the District Telephone
     Company of New Haven, Conn.  It contained 50 names.
1972 President Nixon began his historic visit to mainland China.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Washington's Birthday, a legal holiday
&&
0222
1630 English colonists in America got their first taste of popcorn.
1819 Spain ceded Florida to the United States.
1865 Tennessee adopted a new constitution abolishing slavery.
1879 Frank Winfield Woolworth opened a five-cent store in Utica, N.Y.
1889 President Cleveland signed bill to admit the Dakotas, Montana
     and Washington state to the Union.
1900 Hawaii became a United States Territory.
&&
0223
1822 Boston was a granted charter to incorporate as a city.
1836 the siege of the Alamo began in San Antonio, Texas.
1861 President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington to
     take office, after an assassination plot was foiled in Boston.
1887 Congress granted Seal Rocks to San Francisco.
1900 Steamer "Rio de Janiero" sank in San Francisco Bay.
1905 the Rotary Club was founded.
1927 the U.S. Federal Radio Commission (now the F.C.C.) was established.
1942 a Japanese submarine fired on an oil refinery in Ellwood.
1954 the 1st mass inoculation of children against polio with the
     Salk vaccine began in Pittsburgh.
&&
0224
1857 the Los Angeles Vineyard Society organized.
1920 the organization known as the Nazi Party held its first meeting
     in Munich, and its chief spokesman was Adolf Hitler.
1942 the 1st broadcast was made of The Voice of America (in German).
1981 a jury in White Plains, N.Y., found former school headmistress
     Jean Harris guilty in the fatal shooting of "The Scarsdale Diet"
     author Dr. Herman Tarnower in March 1980.
&&
0225
1570 Pope Pius V excommunicated England's Queen Elizabeth I.
1836 Inventor Samuel Colt patented his revolver.
1870 Hiram R. Revels (R-Miss) became the 1st black to serve in the U.S.
     Senate; sworn in to serve the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis.
1913 the 16th Amendment authorizing income tax passed.
1919 Oregon is 1st state to tax gasoline (1 cent per gallon).
1964 Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) became world heavyweight boxing
     champion by defeating Sonny Liston in Miami Beach.
1986 President Marcos fled the Philippines after 20 years of rule in
     wake of a tainted election.  Corazon Aquino assumed presidency.
&&
0226
1863 President Lincoln signed the National Currency Act.
1870 the 1st New York City subway line was opened to the public.
1891 the first buffalo was purchased for Golden Gate Park.
1895 the glass blowing machine was patented.
1933 Golden Gate Bridge ground-breaking ceremony held at Crissy Field.
1942 during WWII Navy flier Donald F. Mason sent a 4-word message from
     the Pacific to the Navy in Washington:  "Sighted sub, sank same."
1952 Britain announced that it had developed its own atomic bomb.
&&
0227
1844 Dominican Republic gained its independence.
1883 1st practical cigar-rolling machine was patented by impresario
     Oscar Hammerstein, grandfather of Broadway Oscar Hammerstein II.
1922 the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the 19th Amendment that guaranteed
     the right of women to vote.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in the Dominican Republic
&&
0228
1849 the ship California arrived at San Francisco carrying the first
     of the gold-seekers.
1940 the 1st basketball game was televised (in New York City).
1956 Forrester was issued a patent for the computer core memory.
1970 bicycles now permitted to cross the Golden Gate Bridge.
&&
0229
1938 Superman went public in Action Comics No. 1 which cost 10 cents
     and now could be worth, in mint condition, about $30,000.
1960 1st Playboy Club, featuring waitresses clad in "bunny" outfits,
     opened in Chicago.  Hugh Hefner closed down the clubs in 1986.
And on this day:
     It's a LEAP Year!  (officially called the "bissextile" year)
&&
0301
1781 the Articles of Confederation adopted by Continental Congress.
1790 the first United States Census was authorized.
1803 Ohio became the 17th state to enter the Union.
1859 present seal of San Francisco adopted (2nd seal for city).
1864 patent issued for taking & projecting motion pictures to Louis
     Ducos du Hauron (however, he never did build such a machine).
1864 Rebecca Lee became the 1st black woman to receive a medical
     degree, from the New England Female Medical College in Boston.
1867 Nebraska became the 37th state to enter the Union.
1872 Congress authorized the creation of Yellowstone National Park.
1927 Bank of Italy became a National Bank.
1961 President John F. Kennedy established the Peace Corps.
1962 the 1st K-mart store opened in Garden City, Mich.
&&
0302
1861 Congress created the Territory of Nevada.
1923 Time Magazine made its debut.
1929 U.S. Court of Customs & Patent Appeals created by U.S. Congress.
1933 the movie "King Kong" opened at New York's Radio City Music Hall
     and the RKO Roxy.
1974 First Class postage increased from 8 cents to 10 cents.
1977 U.S. House of Representatives adopted strict code of ethics that
     limited outside earnings and required detailed financial reports.
&&
0303
1791 the District of Columbia joined the union as a state.
1791 Congress passed a resolution ordering U.S. Mint be established.
1812 Congress passes 1st foreign aid bill.
1845 Florida became the 27th state to enter the Union.
1849 Gold Coinage Act passed, allowing gold coins to be minted.
1851 Congress authorized smallest U.S. silver coin, the 3-cent piece.
1875 a 20-cent coin was authorized by Congress; it only lasted 3 years.
1879 Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood became the 1st woman to be admitted to
     practice before the U.S. Supreme Court.
1885 American Telephone and Telegraph incorporated.
1931 "The Star-Spangled Banner" became the national anthem of the U.S.
1956 Morocco gained its independence.
1972 Pioneer 10 was launched.
And on this day:
     Hina Matsuri (Doll Festival), celebrated in Japan.
     Independence Day, celebrated in Morocco.
&&
0304
1789 Congress declared the Constitution to be in effect.
1791 Vermont became the 14th state to enter the Union.
1826 1st railroad in U.S. chartered, the Granite Railway in Quincy, Mass
1829 an unruly crowd mobbed the White House during the inaugural
     reception for President Andrew Jackson.
1933 President Roosevelt inaugurated, said, "We have nothing to fear
     but fear itself".
1934 Easter Cross on Mt. Davidson, in Golden Gate Park SF, dedicated.
&&
0305
1770 the Boston Massacre.
1845 Congress appropriated $30,000 to ship camels to the western U.S.
1979 the Voyager I flew past Jupiter.
&&
0306
1665 "The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society" was 1st
     published, and is still published today.
1836 the Alamo falls.  Remember it!
1853 Verdi's opera "La Traviata" premiered in Venice, Italy.
1944 U.S. bombers staged a daylight raid against Berlin during WWII.
1981 Walter Cronkite signed off for last time as anchorman of
     "The CBS Evening News."
&&
0307
1848 in Hawaii, the Great Mahele (division of lands) was signed.
1876 Alexander Graham Bell received a patent for his telephone.
1911 the U.S. sent 20,000 troops to the Mexican border as a precaution
     in the wake of the Mexican Revolution.
1933 the game "Monopoly" was invented.
1936 Adolf Hilter sent troops into the Rhineland thereby breaking the
     Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact.
&&
0308
1702 England's Queen Anne ascended the throne upon death of William III.
1854 Commodore Matthew C. Perry made his 2nd landing in Japan.
1862 the Confederate ironclad "Merrimack" was launched.
1894 New York state enacted the 1st dog-licensing law in the nation.
1917 1st of two Russian Revolutions began with rioting in St. Petersburg.
1917 the Senate voted to limit filibusters by adopting the Cloture rule.
1965 the U.S. landed about 3,500 Marines in South Vietnam.
&&
0309
1796 Napoleon Bonaparte married Josephine de Beauharnais.
1822 Charles M. Graham of N.Y. was granted patent for artificial teeth.
1862 the ironclads "Monitor" (Union) & "Merrimack" (Rebel) battle
     in Hampton Roads.  It was a standoff.
1916 Mexican raiders led by Pancho Villa attacked Columbus, N.M.,
     killing more than a dozen people.
1945 the U.S. launched incendiary bomb attacks on Japan; in Tokyo, at
     least 120,000 people died.
&&
0310
1848 the Senate ratified the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ending the
     war with Mexico.
1876 the 1st telephone call was made by Alexander Graham Bell.
1880 the Salvation Army arrived in the United States from England.
1969 James Earl Ray pleaded guilty to the assassination of civil rights
     leader Martin Luther King Jr. - he later repudiated that plea.
&&
0311
1867 Great Mauna Loa eruption (volcano in Hawaii).
1892 the 1st public game of basketball was played.
&&
0312
1850 the 1st $20 Gold piece was issued.
1930 Mohandas K. Gandhi began a 200-mile march to protest a British
     tax on salt.
1932 the "Swedish March King" Ivar Kreuger committed suicide in Paris
     leaving behind a financial empire that turned out to be worthless.
1936 President FDR gave the first of his "fireside chats" telling
     Americans what was being done about the nation's financial crisis.
&&
0313
1884 Standard Time was adopted throughout the United States.
1970 Digital Equipment Corp introduces the PDP-11 minicomputer.
&&
0314
1870 Legislature approves act making Golden Gate Park possible.
1896 Sutro Baths opened by the Cliff House (closed Sept 1, 1952).
1923 President Warren G. Harding became 1st chief executive to file
     an income tax report.
1964 Jury in Dallas found Jack Ruby guilty of killing Lee Harvey Oswald.
&&
0315
1493 Christopher Columbus returned to Spain following his 1st voyage
     to the New World.
1820 Maine became the 23th state to enter the Union.
1875 the Roman Catholic Archbishop of New York, John McCloskey, was
     named the 1st American cardinal, by Pope Pius IX.
1913 Woodrow Wilson held the 1st Presidential Press Conference.
1919 the American Legion was founded, in Paris.
1956 the musical play "My Fair Lady" with Rex Harrison and Julie
     Andrews opened on Broadway.
1964 Elizabeth Taylor married Richard Burton; her 5th marriage, his 2nd.
1966 Rioting broke out in the Watts section of Los Angeles.
1968 the United States Mint stopped buying and selling gold.
1975 Greek shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis, age 69, died near Paris.
1999 Pluto again becomes the outermost planet.
And on this day:
     The day the buzzards return to Hinckley, Ohio.
&&
0316
1850 Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Scarlet Letter" was published.
1926 1st liquid fuel rocket flown.
&&
0317
1776 British forces evacuated Boston during the Revolutionary War.
1910 Camp Fire Girls organization formed; went public 2 years later.
1969 Golda Meir became prime minister of Israel.
1980 the first issue of the W6GO/K6HHD QSL Manager List was published.
And on this day:
     St. Patrick's Day
     Evacuation Day (celebrated in Boston).
&&
0318
1850 American Express was founded.
1881 Barnum & Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth opens in Madison
     Square Garden in New York City.
1922 Mohandas Gandhi was sentenced in India to 6 years for civil
     disobedience.  He would be released after serving 2 years.
1931 1st electric shavers went on sale.
&&
0319
1895 Los Angeles Railway established to provide streetcar service.
1928 the "Amos and Andy" show debuts on radio.
And on this day:
     The day the swallows return to San Juan Capistrano.
&&
0320
1976 Newspaper heiress Patty Hearst was convicted of armed robbery for
     her part in a San Francisco bank holdup.
And on this day (if it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0321
1945 During WW II Allied bombers began 4 days of raids over Germany.
1960 Some 70 people were killed in Sharpeville, South Africa when
     police fired on demonstrators.
1963 Alcatraz Island federal prison was emptied of its last inmates.
     Known as "The Rock" it continues to thrive as a tourist attraction.
1965 3,000 civil rights demonstrators led by Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.
     began their march from Selma to Montgomery, Ala.
1987 the Novice license was enhanced with 10-meter phone and VHF/UHF
     privileges.
And on this day:
     The First Day of Spring.
     The start of the Persian New Year.
     (it it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0322
1638 Religious dissident Anne Hutchinson was expelled from the
     Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1733 Joseph Priestly (father of soda pop) invents carbonated water.
1794 Congress passed law prohibiting American vessels from supplying
     slaves to other countries.
1882 Congress outlawed polygamy.
1894 Hockey's 1st Stanley Cup game was played; Montreal 3, Ottawa 1.
1968 President Johnson's daughter, Lynda, ordered off Cable Car
     because she was eating an ice cream cone (no food on cars!).
1977 Indira Gandhi resigned as prime minister of India.
1979 Israel's parliament approved a peace treaty with Egypt.
1981 First Class postage increased to 18 cents from 15 cents.
1982 Space shuttle "Columbia" lifted off for week-long mission.
And on this day (if it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0323
1743 George Frederick Handel's oratorio "Messiah" premiered in London.
1775 Patrick Henry said "...give me liberty or give me death!"
1806 Lewis & Clark, after reaching the Pacific coast, started back east.
1929 1st telephone installed in the White House.
1933 the German Reichstag granted Adolf Hitler dictatorial powers.
1942 the U.S. began moving Japanese-Americans from their West Coast
     homes to detention centers.
1962 President John F. Kennedy visited San Francisco.
1965 Gemini 3 launched, 1st U.S. 2-man space flight.
1981 U.S. Supreme Court ruled states can require parental notification,
     with some exceptions, when teenage girls seek abortions.
And on this day (it it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0324
1860 After 89 days the Clipper "Andrew Jackson" arrives in S.F. from N.Y.
1883 Long-distance telephone service began between Chicago and New York.
1944 in occupied Rome, the Nazis executed over 300 civilians in reprisal
     for an attack by Italian partisans that killed 32 German soldiers.
1958 Rock 'n' roll singer Elvis Presley was inducted into the Army.
1976 Argentina's president, Isabel Peron, was deposed by her country's
     military.
And on this day (if it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0325
1668 1st recorded horse race in America.
1821 Greece gained its independence.
1954 RCA manufactured the first COLOR television set.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Greece.
     (if it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0326
1878 Hastings College of Law was founded.
1953 the Salk Polio vaccine was announced.
And on this day:
     Prince Kuhio Day (celebrated in Hawaii).
     (if it's a Friday):
     Daylight Savings Time in WESTERN EUROPE starts this Sunday.
&&
0327
1836 the 1st Mormon temple was dedicated, in Kirtland, Ohio.
&&
0328
1794 Nathan Briggs of New Hampshire patented a washing machine.
1942 During WW II British naval forces raided the Nazi-occupied
     French port of St. Nazaire.
1977 "Rocky" won the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1976.
1987 Maria von Trapp, whose life inspired "The Sound of Music" died
     in Morrisville, VT at the age of 82.
&&
0329
1882 the Knights of Columbus was chartered in Connecticut.
1886 Coca-Cola was created (with cocaine).
1943 World War II rationing of meat, butter and cheese began.
1971 Army Lt. Bill Calley Jr. was convicted of killing 22 Vietnamese
     civilians in the My Lai massacre; spent 3 yrs under house arrest.
1982 "Chariots of Fire" won the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1981.
&&
0330
1853 Patent granted to Hyman Lipman for a pencil with an ERASER!
1870 15th Amendment passes, guarantees right to vote regardless of race.
1932 Amelia Earhart was 1st woman to make solo crossing of the Atlantic.
1981 President Reagan and 3 other men were shot and wounded by
     John Hinckley Jr. outside a Washington hotel.
1982 Space shuttle "Columbia" ended its 3rd test flight with its smooth
     landing at White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico.
1987 "Platoon" won the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1986.
&&
0331
1849 Col. John W. Geary arrived as 1st postmaster of San Francisco.
1870 Following passing of the 15th Amendment, Thomas Mundy became the
     1st black to cast a ballot in a local election in Perth Amboy, N.J.
1889 the Eiffel Tower in Paris was completed.
1923 Alma Cummings set world record of 27 hrs in the 1st dance marathon
     in the U.S. held in New York City.
1932 Ford Motor Co. publicly unveiled the V-8 engine.
1933 Congress authorized the Civilian Conservation Corps.
1953 Dag Hammarskjold of Sweden was nominated Secretary-General of the
     United Nations.
1963 Los Angeles ended streetcar service after nearly 90 years.
&&
0401
1778 Oliver Pollock, a New Orleans businessman, created the "$".
1918 the Royal Air Force was established in Britain.
1932 On their 4th date, Gene Autry and Ina May, were married.
1933 Nazi Germany began its persecution of Jews with a boycott on
     Jewish-owned businesses.
1939 the U.S. recognized the Franco gov't in Spain following the end
     of the Spanish civil war.
1941 the Navy took over Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay.
1960 TIROS I (Television & Infra-Red Observation Satellite) launched
     to improve weather prediction.
1963 a 114-day strike ended on most of New York City's newspapers.
1979 Iran proclaimed an Islamic Republic following the fall of Shah.
1987 1st major speech on the AIDS epidemic made by President Reagan.
And on this day:
     April Fool's Day
     The FOOLS DX Contest
&&
0402
1513 Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon landed in Florida.
1792 Congress authorized establishment of the U.S. Mint.
1932 Aviator Charles Lindbergh and Dr. John Condon paid $50,000 to a man
     in a N.Y. Bronx cemetery as ranson for Lindbergh's kidnapped son.
1935 Watson Watt granted a patent for RADAR.
1956 the soap operas "As the World Turns" and "The Edge of Night"
     premiered on CBS television.
And on this day:
     International Children's Book Day
&&
0403
1776 George Washington received an honorary doctor of law degree
     from Harvard College.
1882 the notorious outlaw Jesse James was shot to death in St. Joseph,
     Missouri by Robert Ford a member of his own gang.
1936 Bruno Hauphmann was electrocuted in Trenton, N.J. for the
     kidnap-murder of the Lindbergh infant.  (See 04-02-1932)
1946 Lt. Gen. Masaharu Homma responsible for the Bataan Death March
     during WW II was executed.
1948 President Truman signed the Marshall Plan providing $15 billion
     in aid to 16 European countries.
1982 Britain dispatched large naval task force to the south Atlantic
     to reclaim the disputed Falkland Islands seized by Argentina.
1988 Postage increased from 22 cents to 25 cents (the "E" stamp).
&&
0404
1818 Congress decides the U.S. flag should consist of 13 red and white
     stripes and 20 stars, 1 to be added for each new state added.
1850 the city of Los Angeles was incorporated.
1860 Pony Express begins service, from St. Joseph, Missouri.
1870 Golden Gate Park established by San Francico City Order #800.
1949 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was founded.
1974 Hank Aaron (Atlanta Braves) tied Babe Ruth's home-run record #714.
1968 Civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated.
&&
0405
1614 American indian princess Pocahontas marries John Rolfe in Virginia.
1621 the Mayflower sailed from Plymouth, MA on a return trip to England.
1951 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were sentenced to death following their
     conviction on charges of being atomic spies for the Soviet Union.
1964 Army General Douglas MacArthur died in Washington at age 84.
1976 Reclusive billionaire Howard Hughes died in Houston at age 72.
&&
0406
1830 the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints was organized
     by Joseph Smith of Fayette, New York.
1862 the Civil War battle of Shiloh began as the Confederates attacked
     Union forces in Tennessee.
1868 Brigham Young married number 27, his final wife.
1896 the 1st modern Olympic games were formally opened in Athens, Greece.
1906 First animated cartoon was copyrighted.
1917 Congress approved a declaration of war against Germany; WW I.
1926 4 planes took off on 1st successful around-the-world flight.
&&
0407
1788 the 1st permanent settlement in Ohio was founded at Marietta.
1927 an image of Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover was seen in N.Y.
     in the 1st successful long-distance demo of television.
1933 Prohibition ends.
1939 Italy invaded Albania.
1948 the World Health Organization was established.
1948 the musical "South Pacific" opened on Broadway.
1957 New York City ended its electric trolley car service.
1966 the U.S. recovered a hydrogen bomb it lost off the coast of Spain.
1980 the U.S. broke off diplomatic relations with Iran.
1983 the 1st U.S. space walk in almost a decade by Challenger astronauts.
&&
0408
1513 Ponce de Leon arrived in Florida.
1895 the Evening Record (Stockton Record) was introduced with its
     1st four-page edition in Stockton, CA.
1913 17th Amendment, requiring direct election of senators, ratified.
1974 Hank Aaron hit his 715th home run; beats Babe Ruth's record.
1986 Actor Clint Eastwood was elected mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea.
And on this day:
     Kambutsue, celebration of Buddha's birthday, in Japan
&&
0409
1865 General Lee surrendered at Appomattox.
1953 TV Guide published their first issue.
1955 United Nations Charter hearing.
1959 NASA announced the selections of America's 7 first astronauts;
     Carpenter, Cooper, Glenn, Grissom, Schirra, Shepard, and Slayton.
&&
0410
1849 Walter Hunt of New York patented the safety pin.
1866 the A.S.P.C.A. was incorporated.
1871 William Hammond Hall's maps & surveys of Golden Gate Park were
     officially accepted.
1882 Matson established his shipping company (San Francisco & Hawaii).
1912 the luxury liner RMS Titanic set sail from Southhampton, England.
1916 the 1st professional golf tournament was held.
1932 German President Paul Von Hindenburg re-elected; beat Adolf Hitler.
1953 the "House of Wax", first 3-D movie in color premiered in New York.
1963 Nuclear sub USS Thresher failed to surface near Cape Cod; 129 died.
1972 U.S. & USSR joined 70 nations in signing a biological warfare pact.
1974 Golda Meir announced her resignation as prime minister of Israel.
&&
0411
1876 Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks organized.
1895 Anaheim completed it's new electric light system.
1947 Jackie Robinson became first black in major league baseball.
And on this day:
     Barber Shop Quartet Day
&&
0412
1859 Hibernia Savings & Loan Society of San Francisco incorporated.
1861 Fort Sumter, S.C., shelled by Confederacy, starts Civil War.
1877 the catcher's mask was first used in a baseball game.
1898 Army transfered Yerba Buena Island in San Francisco Bay to Navy.
1955 the Salk vaccine against polio was declared safe and effective.
1961 Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became 1st man to orbit Earth.
1981 the first launch of the space shuttle, Columbia.
1985 Sen. Jake Garn of Utah became 1st senator to fly in space as
     the shuttle Discovery lifted off from the Kennedy Space Center.
&&
0413
1870 the Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in New York.
1943 President Roosevelt dedicated the Jefferson Memorial in Washington.
1958 Van Cliburn become the first American to win the Tchaikovsky
     International Piano Contest in Moscow.
1961 the United Nations General Assembly voted to condemn apartheid,
     South Africa's policy of racial segregation.
1976 the $2 bill was re-introduced as United States currency.
&&
0414
1828 the 1st edition of Noah Webster's dictionary was published.
1860 the 1st Pony Express rider arrived in SF from St. Joseph, Missouri.
1865 President Abraham Lincoln was assasinated in Ford's Theater.
1902 J.C. Penny opened his first store in Kemmerer, Wyo.
1912 the supposedly unsinkable RMS Titanic ran into an iceberg.
1928 regular air passenger flights between San Francisco and
     Los Angeles started by Maddux Air Lines.
1956 Ampex Corp. demonstrated its first commercial videotape recorder.
1971 Fort Point dedicated as 1st National Park in Bay Area.
&&
0415
1850 the City of San Francisco was incorporated.
1912 the RMS Titanic sank at 2:20 AM after hitting an iceberg earlier.
1923 insulin becomes generally available for diabetics.
1928 Alioto's on Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco, was founded.
1955 Ray Kroc started the McDonald's chain of fast food restaurants.
&&
0416
1866 nitroglycerine at the Wells Fargo & Co. in SF office exploded.
1959 in Stockton, CA uniformed patrolmen assigned to squad car duty
     began a one-man patrol system.
&&
0417
1524 New York Harbor was discovered by Giovanni Verrazano.
1853 the U.S. Marine Hospital at the Presidio was established.
1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki signed, ends 1st Sino-Japanese War (1894-95).
1925 the Constitution of the International Amateur Radio Union (IARU)
     was adopted by 23 countries.
1941 Office of Price Administration established (handled rationing).
1961 Cuban exiles invaded Bay of Pigs.
&&
0418
1775 'The British are Coming!' Paul Revere rides.
1869 1st International Cricket Match, held in SF, won by Californian.
1906 the great San Francisco Earthquake and Fire; about 700 people died.
1923 the 1st game was played in Yankee Stadium; Yankees 4, Red Sox 1.
1925 with 25 countries in attendance, all actions of the organizing
     Congress were approved, and the IARU was born.
1934 the 1st self-service laundry (called a "washateria") opened
     in Fort Worth, Texas.
1936 "Clipper" starts providing regular passenger flights from
     San Francisco to Honolulu.
1945 war correspondent Ernie Pyle was killed by Japanese gunfire on an
     island in the Pacific near Okinawa.
And on this day:
     Patriot's Day
&&
0419
1775 at Lexington Common, the shot "heard round the world" was fired.
1852 the California Historical Society was established.
1874 the barracks on Alcatraz Island were destroyed in a fire.
1892 Charles Duryea took the 1st American-made auto out for a spin.
1897 the 1st American Marathon Race was run from Hopkinton, Mass.,
     to Boston; with a time of 2:55:10, the winner was John McDermott.
1910 after weeks of being viewed by telescopes, Halley's Comet was
     reported visible to the naked eye in Curacao.
1933 the United States abandoned the gold standard.
1939 Connecticut finally approved the Bill of Rights (148 years later).
1943 thousands of Jews living in the Warsaw Ghetto began their fight
     against Nazi occupation forces.
1945 the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "Carousel" opened on Broadway.
1951 as Gen. MacArthur was relieved of his command in Korea by President
     Truman, he said, "Old soldiers never die, they just fade away."
1956 Actress Grace Kelley married Prince Rainier III of Monaco.
1982 Sally Ride and Guion Bluford Jr. became the first woman and the
     first black to be named U.S. astronauts.
&&
0420
1812 the fourth VP of the U.S. George Clinton died in Washington at 73,
     the first vice president to die while in office.
1902 Curies isolates radium.
1948 United Auto Workers president Walter Reuther was shot and wounded
     at his home in Detroit.
1968 Pierre Elliott Trudeau was sworn in as Prime Minister of Canada.
1971 the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the use of busing to achieve racial
     desegregation in schools.
1972 Apollo 16 landed on the moon with astronauts Young and Duke.
1988 the W6GO PacketCluster was 1st established on 144.95 sharing the
     frequency with W6GO voice link to W6TI/R until July 2, 1988 when
     the voice link was removed.
&&
0421
1862 Congress established the U.S. Mint in Denver, Colorado.
1892 the first buffalo were born in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco.
1910 Author Samuel Langhorne Clements, better known as Mark Twain,
     died in Redding, Conn.
1918 Baron Manfred von Richthofen, German ace known as the "Red Baron",
     was killed in action during WW I.
1940 the quiz show that asked the "$64 question - Take it or Leave it"
     premiered on CBS radio.
1959 the County Jail in Stockton, CA, known as "Cunningham Castle",
     closed after 66 years.
&&
0422
1864 the United States motto "In God We Trust" was approved.
1952 For the 1st time an atomic explosion was shown on network TV.  The
     coverage was provided by KTLA in Los Angeles.
1970 millions of Americans concerned about the environment observed the
     first "Earth Day."
And on this day:
     Earth Day
&&
0423
1348 King Edward III of England established the Order of the Garter.
1789 George Washington moved into the 1st executive mansion in New York.
1871 Blossom Rock in San Francisco Bay blown up.
1896 the "Vitascope" system for projecting movies was demostrated in N.Y.
1940 about 200 people died in a dance hall fire in Natchez, Miss.
1949 courtesy Mail Boxes for motorists started in San Francisco.
1954 Hank Aaron (Milwaukee Braves) hit the 1st of his record 755 home
     runs, in a game against the St. Louis Cardinals.
1968 Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church merged.
1969 Sirhan Sirhan was sentenced to death for the assassination of Sen.
     Robert F. Kennedy.  It was later reduced to life imprisonment.
1985 Coca-Cola Co. announced it was changing its secret formula for Coke.
And on this day:
     National Secretary Day
&&
0424
1704 the 1st American newspaper printed on a regular basis, the Boston
     News Letter, was published for the first time.
1800 the Library of Congress was established.
1900 the passing of Andrew Halliday, Cable Car Pioneer.
1962 the Massachusetts Institute of Technology accomplished the 1st
     satellite relay of a TV signal between Camp Parks & Westford, Mass.
1986 the Duchess of Windsor, for whom King Edward VIII had given up the
     British throne, died in Parie at age 89.
&&
0425
1856 A.O. Risberg, convicted of a shooting in an Oroville saloon brawl,
     was 1st person legally executed (by hanging) in Butte County, CA.
1859 ground was broken for the Suez Canal.
1874 Guglielmo Marconi, who made radio possible, was born.
1891 President Benjamin Harrison visited San Francisco.
1901 New York became the 1st state requiring automobile license plates.
1945 delegates from 45 nations met in SF to organize the United Nations.
1961 Robert Noyce was granted a patent for the integrated circuit.
And on this day:
     Arbor Day.  Plant a tree.
&&
0426
1607 1st British to establish an American colony land at Cape Henry, Va.
1865 John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of President Lincoln, was killed
     by federal troops near Bowling Green, VA.
1900 Charles Richter, seismologist, who devised the earthquake-measuring
     scale, was born.
1954 a nationwide test of the Salk anti-polio began.
1968 the U.S. exploded beneath the Nevada desert a one-megaton nuclear
     device called "Boxcar."
1971 the San Francisco Lightship was replaced by an automatic buoy.
&&
0427
1509 Pope Julius II excommunicated the Italian state of Venice.
1565 1st Spanish settlement in Phillipines, Cebu City, was established.
1791 Samuel F.B. Morse, inventor of the Morse Code, was born.
1897 Grant's Tomb (famed of song & legend) was dedicated.
1937 U.S. Social Security system made its first benefit payment.
1945 the founding of the Second Republic, in Austria.
1965 Broadcast-journalist Edward R. Murrow died in Pawling, N.Y. at 57.
1973 Acting FBI Director L. Patrick Gray resigned amid the Watergate
     scandal.
1982 the trial of John Hinckley Jr. who shot President Reagan began.
And on this day:
     Union Day, celebrated in Tanzania.
&&
0428
1754 the famous mutiny on the HMS Bounty occurred as Capt. William Bligh
     and 18 sailors were set adrift in a launch in the South Pacific.
1788 Maryland became the 7th state to enter the Union.  It was one of
     the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1919 the first successful parachute jump was made.
1941 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that Blacks traveling on trains were
     entitled to the same quality of service given white passengers.
1957 Heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali refused to be inducted
     into the Army, same day Gen. Westmoreland told Congress the U.S
     "would prevail in Vietnam."
1969 Charles deGaulle resigned as President of France.
1974 the last Americans were evacuated from Saigon.
1986 the Soviet Union informed the world of the nuclear disaster at
     Chernobyl, two days after it occurred.
&&
0429
1857 the Headquarters for the U.S. Army, Division of the Pacific, was
     permanently established at the Presidio in San Francisco.
1913 the all-purpose zipper was patented.
And on this day:
     Emperor's Birthday, celebrated in Japan.
&&
0430
1789 George Washington took office in N.Y. as 1st president of the U.S.
1798 the Department of the Navy was established.
1803 the U.S. more than doubled its size with the Louisiana Purchase.
1812 Louisiana became the 18th state to enter the Union.
1857 the founding of what would be San Jose State University.
1939 NBC made first U.S. demo of TV at opening of the N.Y. World's Fair.
1973 President Nixon announced the resignation of several of his aids,
     the Attorney General, and White House counsel, due to Watergate.
1978 Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin visited the U.S. for a week.
&&
0501
1786 Mozart's opera "The Marriage of Figaro" premiered in Vienna.
1840 1st adhesive postage stamps ("Penny Blacks" from England) issued.
1850 John Geary became the first mayor of the City of San Francisco.
1860 the first school for the deaf was established.
1884 Construction began in Chicago on the 1st skyscraper.
1892 the U.S. Quarantine Station opened on Angel Island.
1931 New York's 102-story Empire State Building was dedicated.
1928 Lei Day begun - a Hawaiian celebration.
1952 use of the 15-meter ham band became official.
1967 Elvis Presley married Priscilla Beaulieu in Las Vegas.
And on this day:
     May Day
&&
0502
1939 Lou Gehrig sets record for being in most consecutive games (2130).
1945 the Soviet Union announced the fall of Berlin and the Allies
     Cannounced the surrender of Nazi troops in Italy and Austria.
1972 After serving 48 years as head of the FBI under 8 presidents,
     J. Edgar Hoover died in Washington at the age of 77.
1974 former VP Spiro Agnew was disbarred from practicing law in the U.S.
1983 47 people were injured in a 28-sec 6.7 earthquake in Coalinga, CA.
&&
0503
1830 1st regular steam train passenger service started.
1898 Camp Merriman was established at the Presidio in San Francisco.
1919 America's 1st passenger flight (New York-Atlantic City).
1933 Nellie Taylor Ross became the 1st woman director of the U.S. Mint.
1937 Margaret Mitchell won the Pulitzer Prize for "Gone With the Wind".
1948 Tennessee Williams won the Pulitzer Prize for "A Streetcar Named
     Desire" and James Michener for "Tales of the South Pacific".
1971 National noncommercial network radio began programming.
1979 Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain's 1st female prime minister.
&&
0504
1626 Dutch explorer Peter Minuit landed on Manhattan Island, later
     buying it from Indians for $24 worth of trinkets.
1878 the phonograph was shown for 1st time at the Grand Opera House.
1927 the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences was founded.
1932 mobster Al Capone entered the federal prison in Atlanta after being
     convicted of income-tax evasion.
1946 a 2-day riot ended at Alcatraz prison in San Francisco; 5 died.
1961 the 1st group of "Freedom Riders" left Washington for New Orleans.
1976 Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Frazer said "Waltzing Matilda"
     would serve as his countries national anthem at the Olympic Games.
&&
0505
1494 during his 2nd voyage, Christopher Columbus first sighted Jamaica.
1904 Cy Young pitched the American Leaque's 1st perfect game.
1912 the 1st issue of the Soviet newspaper Pravda was published.
1925 in Tennessee, John T. Scopes was arrested for teaching Darwin's
     theory of evolution.
1926 Author Sinclair Lewis rejected the Pulitzer Prize for "Arrowsmith".
1942 sugar rationing began in the U.S. during World War II.
1949 the Council of Europe was established.
1959 the Naval Communication Station on Rough & Ready Is. was dedicated.
1961 Alan Shepard became the 1st American in space, onboard Freedom 7.
1981 hunger-striker Bobby Sands died at Maze Prison in Northern Ireland
     after 66 days without food.
And on this day:
     Cinco de Mayo
     Tango-no-sekku (Boy's Festival) in Japan.
&&
0506
1840 England introduced its first postage stamp.
1851 Dr. John Farrie received a patent for a "refrigeration machine".
1860 the Olympic Club, 1st athletic club in the U.S., was established.
1937 the Hindenburg Zeppelin exploded and burned.
&&
0507
1789 1st inaugural ball was held in N.Y. in honor of Pres. Washington.
1824 Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was presented for first time.
1915 Babe Ruth hit his 1st major leaque home run with the Boston Red Sox.
1941 cornerstone of the B. of A. building at 300 Montgomery in SF laid.
1963 Telstar 2 was launched.
&&
0508
1541 Hernando de Soto discovered the Mississippi River.
1886 Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invented the syrup for Coca-Cola.
1945 Germany surrendered, ending World War II in Europe.
1973 Militant Indians who held Wounded Knee, S.D. 10 weeks surrendered.
1984 the Soviet Union announced it would not participate in the Summer
     Olympics in Los Angeles due inadequate security for the athletes.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0509
1502 Columbus left Spain on his 4th and final trip to the New World.
1926 the 1st flight over the North Pole made by Comm. R. E. Byrd.
1974 House Judiciary Committee began hearings on whether to reccommend
     impeachment of President Richard M. Nixon.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0510
1775 the Continental Congress issued paper currency for 1st time.
1818 American patriot Paul Revere died in Boston.
1869 with the Driving of the Golden Spike, Promontory Point, Utah the
     Transcontinential railroad was completed.
1908 the 1st Mother's Day observance took place during church services
     in Grafton, W.Va. and Philadelphia.
1924 J. Edgar Hoover was named FBI director.
1930 the first U.S. planetarium opened, in Chicago.
1933 the Nazis staged massive public book burnings in Germany.
1940 British Prime Minister Chamberlain resigned and Winston Churchill
          formed a new government.
1968 preliminary Vietnam peace talks began in Paris.
And on this day:
     Native American Day
     (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0511
1647 Peter Stuyvesant arrived in New Amsterdam to become governor.
1752 the 1st U.S. fire insurance policy was issued, in Philadelphia.
1858 Minnesota became the 32nd state to enter the Union.
1929 the 1st regularly scheduled TV broadcasts (3 nights per week) began.
1943 during WW II American forces landed on Japanese-held Attu Island
     in the Aleutians, regaining back possession in 3 weeks.
1949 Israel was admitted to the United Nations as its 59th member.
1949 Siam changed its name to Thailand.
1951 Jay Forrester patented the computer core memory.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0512
1901 President William McKinley visited San Francisco.
1932 the body of Lindberg's kidnapped son was found in Hopewell, N.J.
1975 the new Cambodian government seized an American merchant ship,
     the Mayaguez, in international waters.
1980 Maxie Anderson and son, Kris, floated their "Kitty Hawk" balloon
     more than 2,200 miles from SF to Quebec, Canada.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0513
1607 English landed to found Jamestown, 1st permanent settlement.
1846 the United States declared war on Mexico.
1884 Institute for Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE) established.
1917 three peasant children near Fatima, Portugal, reported seeing a
     vision of the Virgin Mary.
1918 the 1st U.S. air mail postage stamps were issued.
And on this day:
     Leprechaun Day
     (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0514
1811 Paraguay gained it's independence.
1853 Gail Borden applied for a patent for making condensed milk.
1903 President Theodore Roosevelt visited San Francisco.
1942 the Women's Army Corps was authorized.
1948 the State of Israel proclaimed.
1973 the United States launched its first space station, "Skylab".
And on this day:
     Independence Day (in Paraguay)
     (if it's a Sunday):
     Mother's Day.  Give her a call today.
&&
0515
1918 the U.S. began its 1st regular air mail service between N.Y. & Wash.
1940 nylon stockings went on sale for the 1st time in the United States.
1963 the last of the Mercury flights, the "Faith 7", was launched.
And on this day:
     Never Turn Your Back on the Ocean Day
&&
0516
1770 Marie Antoinette, 14 yrs old, married the future King Louis XVI
     of France, who was 15 yrs old.
1866 Congress authorized the nickel 5-cent piece (the silver half-dime
     was used up to this point).
1920 Joan of Arc was canonized in Rome.
1929 the 1st Oscars were announced.  Best film was "Wings".
1946 the Irving Berlin musical "Annie Get Your Gun" opened on Broadway.
1971 First Class postage was increased to 8 cents from 6 cents.
1975 Junko Tabei of Japan became the 1st woman to reach the summit of
     Mount Everest.
And on this day:
S0516     Armed Forces Day
&&
0517
1792 24 brokers met to establish the New York Stock Exchange.
1804 Lewis & Clark began their exploration of the Louisiana Purchase.
1872 the Bohemian Club was incorporated.
1898 Camp Merritt was established at the Presidio in San Francisco.
1921 President Harding opened (via telephone) the 1st Valencia Orange
     Show in Anaheim.
1946 President Truman seized control of the nation's railroads delaying
     a threatening strike by its workers.
1948 the Soviet Union recognized the new state of Israel (see May 14th).
1954 the Supreme Court ruled on Brown v. Topeka Board of Education,
     overthrowing the principle of "separate but equal".
1987 the U.S. Navy Stark was attacked by an Iraqi warplane killing 37.
And on this day:
     Norwegian Independence Day
&&
0518
1642 the Canadian city of Montreal was founded.
1850 Oliver Heaviside, physicist who predicted the existance of the
     ionosphere, used to reflect radio waves, was born.
1860 the Republican Party convention in Chicago nominated Abe Lincoln.
1910 Halley's Comet, as seen from Earth, moved across the sun.
1917 Congress passed the Selective Service Act.
1933 the Tennessee Valley Authority was signed by President Roosevelt.
1980 Mount St. Helens, in Washington State, erupted.
&&
0519
1780 a mysterious darkness covered New England and part of Canada in
     the early afternoon.
1862 the Homestead Act became law.
1906 the Federated Boys' Clubs (Boys Club of America) were organized.
1935 T.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) died after a motorcycle accident.
1964 40 hidden microphones were found in the U.S. Embassy in Moscow.
&&
0520
1926 Thomas Edison expressed view Americans would prefer silent movies
     over talking pictures.
1927 at 7:40am, Lindbergh took off from New York to cross the Atlantic.
1961 a white mob attacked a busload of "Freedom Riders" in Montgomery,
     Ala. prompting the gov't to send U.S. marshalls to restore order.
&&
0521
1832 the 1st Democratic National Convention was held in Baltimore.
     It nominated Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren.
1881 the American Red Cross was established.
1927 Lindburgh landed in Paris, after 1st solo across Atlantic.
1933 the Mount Davidson Cross in Golden Gate Park SF was lit by President
     Roosevelt in Washington via telegraph.
1956 the U.S. exploded the 1st airborne H-bomb over Bikini Atoll.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Victoria Day in Canada
&&
0522
1828 Albrecht Grafe, pioneer eye surgeon, who founded modern
     ophthalmology, was born.
1868 the "great train robbery" took place in Indiana as 7 men held up
     the crew, detached the locomotive and made off with $98,000 cash.
1909 the 1st San Francisco fireboat, the "David Scannell", was launched.
1927 200,000 were killed in an 8.3 earthquake which struck China.
1990 former North and South Yemens become one DXCC country.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Victoria Day in Canada
&&
0523
1430 Joan of Arc was captured by Burgundians who sold her to the English.
1788 South Carolina became the 8th state to enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1898 1st Phillippine Expeditionary Troops sailed from San Francisco.
1903 the 1st cross-country auto trip began.
1908 the Dirigible exploded over SF Bay, 16 passengers fell, none died.
1934 Bonnie and Clyde were shot to death in a police ambush as they
     rode in a stolen Ford Deluxe on a road in Bienville Parish, La.
1945 Nazi official Heinrich Himmler committed suicide while in prison.
1956 World Trade Center dedicated in Ferry Building, San Francisco.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Victoria Day in Canada
&&
0524
1686 Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit, who invented the thermometer, was born.
1844 Samual F.B. Morse taps out "What Hath God Wrought".
1866 City of Berkeley, CA named (for George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne).
1883 the Brooklyn Bridge opened by President Arthur & Gov. Cleveland.
1899 the first auto repair shop opened, in Boston.
1976 Britain and France opened trans-Atlantic Concorde supersonic jet
     service to Washington.
1984 a court in El Salvador found 5 former national guardsmen guilty of
     murdering four U.S. churchwomen in December 1980.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Victoria Day in Canada
&&
0525
1787 the Constitutional Convention convened in Philadelphia.
1940 the Golden Gate International Exposition reopened.
1927 Henry Ford stopped producing the Model T car (began the Model A).
1935 Babe Ruth hit his 714th and final home run of his career for the
     Boston Braves, against the Pittsburgh Pirates.
1978 the movie "Star Wars" was released.
1979 275 people died when an American Airlines DC-10 crashed at
     Chicago's O'Hare airport.
1983 the movie "Return of the Jedi" (Star Wars 3) was released.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0526
1868 President Johnson avoided impeachment by 1 vote.
1937 the Golden Gate Bridge opened.
1940 the evacuation of Allied troops from Dunkirk, France, began.
1946 a Patent was filed in the United States for the H-Bomb.
1958 Union Square in San Francisco became a State Historical Landmark.
1959 the El Dorado Bridge over the Calaveras River in Stockton opened,
     and was crossed by 8,337 vehicles during the 1st 24 hours.
1978 the 1st legal casino opened in Atlantic City, N.J.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0527
1854 Marine Telegraph from Fort Point to San Francisco was completed.
1647 the 1st recorded American execution of a "witch" by hanging took
     place in Massachuetts.
1907 the Bubonic Plague broke out in San Francisco.
1937 the Golden Gate Bridge was dedicated.
1941 the German battleship Bismarck was sunk by the British; 2,300 died.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0528
1926 the United States Customs Court was created by Congress.
1942 sugar rationing began in the United States.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0529
1453 Constantinople fell to the Turks (some believe this signalled
     the end of the Middle Ages).
1790 Rhode Island became the 13th state tp enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1848 Wisconsin became the 30th state to enter the Union.
1953 Hillary & Norkay reached the top of Mount Everest.
1978 First Class postage was increased to 15 cents from 13 cents.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0530
1911 the Indianapolis 500 car race was run for first time.
1958 unidentified soldiers killed in WW II and the Korean War were
     buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
And on this day:
     The REAL Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0531
1433 Joan of Arc has a hot time at the stake...
1678 Lady Godiva took a ride through Coventry...
1868 the 1st recorded bicycle race, 2 kilometers in Paris.
1879 the 1st electric railway opened at the Berlin Trades Exposition.
1889 the Johnstown Flood.
1910 the Union of South Africa was founded.
1935 30,000 were killed in a 7.5 earthquake which struck India.
1970 66,794 were killed in a 7.7 earthquake which struck Peru.
1977 after 3 years, the trans-Alaska oil pipeline was completed.
And on this day:
     Republic Day, celebrated in South Africa
     (if it's a Monday):
     Memorial Day, a legal holiday.
&&
0601
1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to enter the Union.
1796 Tennessee became the 16th state to enter the Union.
1869 the voting machine was patented by Thomas A. Edison.
1888 California got its 1st seismographs as 3 of them were installed
     at the Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton near San Francisco.
1925 Lou Gehrig started in 1st of 2130 consecutive games, a record.
1967 the Beatles released their now classic album, "Sergeant Pepper's
     Lonely Heart Band."
&&
0602
1851 Maine became the 1st state to enact a law prohibiting alcohol.
1858 the Donati Comet was 1st seen, named after it's discoverer.
1873 Ground was broken in SF for the world's 1st cable railroad.
1924 Congress granted U.S. citizenship to all American Indians.
1966 Surveyor One landed on the moon and transmitted detailed pictures.
1979 Pope John Paul II arrived in his native Poland, the 1st visit by a
     pope to a Communist country.
1986 for the 1st time sessions of the U.S. Senate were broadcast on TV.
And on this day:
     Republic (Constitution) Day, celebrated in Italy
&&
0603
1888 "Casey at the Bat" was 1st published, by the SF Examiner.
1935 the French liner Normandie set a record on its maiden voyage to N.Y.
     crossing the Atlantic in 4 days, 11 hours and 42 minutes.
1949 "Dragnet" was first broadcast on radio; by KFI in Los Angeles.
1965 during Gemini 4, astronaut Edward White became the 1st American
     to "walk" in space.
1981 Pope John Paul II left a Rome hospital 3 weeks after an attempt
     on his life.
And on this day:
     Egg Day
&&
0604
1896 Henry Ford made a successful test drive at nighttime with his car
     through the streets of Detroit.
1919 the Senate passed the Women's Suffrage Bill.
1940 215,000 British forces and 120,000 French withdraw from France.
1942 the Battle of Midway; resulted in America's 1st victory in WW II.
1947 the U.S. House of Representatives approved the Taft-Hartley act.
1974 the 19-day Delta gas well fire on McDonald Island, Stockton, was
     finally out after burning a billion cubic feet of gas.
1985 the U.S. Supreme Court struck down an Alabama law allowing daily
     moments of silence in public schools for "meditation or prayer."
And on this day:
     Old Maid's Day
&&
0605
1833 Ada Lovelace (future 1st computer programmer) met Charles Babbage.
1849 Denmark became a constitutional monarchy.
1875 the formal opening of the Pacific Stock Exchange.
1920 1st rivet driven on Bank of Italy headquarters at 1 Powell in SF.
1968 Sen. Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan.
And on this day:
     Constitution Day, celebrated in Denmark
&&
0606
1925 the Chrysler corporation was founded by Walter Percy Chrysler.
1933 the 1st drive-in movie theatre opened in Camden, New Jersey.
1942 Japanese forces retreated in the World War II Battle of Midway.
1944 D-Day invasion took place as Allied forces stormed Normandy beach.
1978 California voters overwhelmingly approved Proposition 13, an
     initiative calling for major cuts in property taxes.
1982 Israeli forces invaded Lebanon to rid country of PLO fighters.
1985 remains of a body identifed as Dr. Josef Mengele, the notorious
     "Angel of Death" of the Nazi Holocaust was exhumed in Embu, Brazil.
&&
0607
1769 according to Kentucky state records, Daniel Boone 1st began to
     explore the present-day Bluegrass state.
1839 the Hawaiian Declaration of Rights was signed.
1864 Abraham Lincoln was nominated for another term as President.
1929 Vatican City came into existence as copies of the Lateran Treaty
     were exchanged in Rome.
1948 the Communists completed their take over of Czechoslovakia.
1942 the U.S. Carrier "Yorktown" sank at Midway Island.
1980 a better than 50-1 long shot, Temperance Hill won the Belmont Stakes.
&&
0608
1786 the 1st commercially-made ice cream was sold in New York.
1869 the vacuum cleaner was patented.
1889 cable cars began service in Los Angeles.
1915 Secretary of State Wm. Jennings Bryan resigned in a disagreement
     over U.S. handling of the sinking of the Lusitania.
1953 the Supreme Court ruled restaurants in Wash DC had to serve blacks.
1966 the National and American football leaques announced a merger.
1967 34 were killed when Israeli forces raided the Liberty during the
     time of the Six-Day War in the Mediterranean.
1968 Martin Luther King's suspected killer, James Earl Ray, was captured.
&&
0609
1860 the 1st dime novel "Malaeska: The Indian Wife of the White Hunter"
     was published.
1940 Norway surrendered to the Nazis during World War II.
1978 a 148-year old Mormon policy was canceled which excluded black men
     from the Mormon priesthood.
1978 Larry Holmes beat Ken Norton for the World Boxing Council HW title.
&&
0610
1772 the Gaspee, British revenue cutter, was burned by Rhode Islanders.
1869 the "Agnes" arrived in New Orleans with the 1st ever shipment
     of frozen beef.
1898 U.S. Marines landed at Cuba in Spanish-American War.
1940 Italy declared war against Great Britain and France.
1942 the Gestapo massacred 173 male residents of Lidice, Czechoslovakia
     in retaliation for the killing of a Nazi official.
1954 PBS reaches San Francisco: KQED (Channel 9) started broadcasting.
1977 Apple Computer shipped its first Apple II.
And on this day:
     National Day, celebrated in Portugal.
&&
0611
1864 300 feet of Meigg's Wharf in San Francisco washed away in a storm.
1867 Charles Fabry, who discovered hte ozone layer in the upper
     atmosphere, was born.
1895 the first automobile race.
1963 Buddhist monk Quang Duc immolated himself on a street in Saigon
     as a protest against the government of South Vietnam.
And on this day:
     Kamehameha Day, celebrated in Hawaii.
&&
0612
1839 the 1st baseball game was played in America.
1898 Phillipine nationalists declared their independence from Spain.
1917 the Secret Service extended its protection of the President
     to his family.
1939 the Baseball Hall of Fame/Museum was dedicated in Cooperstown, N.Y.
1981 the third baseball strike started.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in the Phillipines.
     Children's Day
&&
0613
1888 the Department of Labor was established.
1900 China's "Boxer Rebellion" against foreigners and Chinese Christians
     entered a violent phase.
1927 a ticker-tape parade welcomed aviator hero Charles Lindbergh to NYC.
1963 Vostok 6 was launched by the USSR; pilot was 1st woman cosmonaut.
1966 the Supreme Court issued its landmark Miranda vs. Arizona decision.
1967 Solicitor-General Thurgood Marshall became 1st black justice on
     the U.S. Supreme Court.
1971 the NY Times began publishing the secret Vietnam "Pentagon Papers".
1983 Pioneer 10 was the 1st man-made object to leave the Solar System.
And on this day:
     Kitchen Klutzs of America Day
     The National Asparagus Festival
&&
0614
1775 the United States Army was founded.
1777 Stars and Stripes adopted as U.S. flag, replacing Grand Union flag.
1846 California (Bear Flag) Republic proclaimed in Sonoma.
1847 Bunson invented the gas burner.
1900 the Hawaiian Territorial Government began.
1919 the 1st direct airplane crossing of the Atlantic.
1952 the keel was laid for 1st nuclear powered submarine, the Nautilus.
1982 after 74 days and 1200 lives lost, Argentine forces surrendered to
     British troops on the disputed Falkland Islands.
1986 "Wild Kingdom" host Marlin Perkins died in St. Louis at age 81.
And on this day:
     Flag Day
&&
0615
1215 King John signed the Magna Carta at Runnymede.
1775 George Washington was appointed 1st U.S. General.
1836 Arkansas became the 25th state to enter the Union.
1844 Charles Goodyear patented his process to strengthen rubber.
1878 1st attempt at motion pictures using 12 cameras, each taking one
     picture (done to see if all 4 of a horse's hooves leave the ground
     during a gallop.  Leland Stanford bet they didn't; he lost.)
1904 1000 people died when the General Slocum steamboat in N.Y. burned.
1944 American forces began their successful invasion of Saipan.
1967 Gov. Ronald Reagan signed a bill liberalizing Calif's abortion law.
1977 Spain held its 1st free elections since 1936.
1978 King Hussein of Jordan married 26-yr old Elizabeth Halaby and
     proclaimed his bride Queen Noor al-Hussein, "Light of Hussein".
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0616
1775 the Battle of Bunker Hill (actually it was Breed's Hill).
1858 Abraham Lincoln said, "A house divided against itself cannot stand",
     in a speech on the slavery issue.
1883 Baseball's 1st "ladies' day"  (NY Gothams vs Cleveland Spiders).
1897 the annexation of Hawaii.
1961 Soviet ballot dancer Rudolf Nureyev defected while in Paris.
1963 Valentina Tereshkova of the USSR became 1st woman in space.
1976 riots broke out in the South African township of Sowelo.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0617
1944 the Republic of Iceland was proclaimed at Thingvallir, Iceland.
1947 the 1st commercial around-the-world plane flight began.
1953 Supreme Court Justice William Douglas stayed the execution of
     convicted atomic spies Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.
1972 the Watergate Break-in.
And on this day:
     Republic Day, celebrated in Iceland.
     (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0618
1812 the War of 1812 began.
1815 the Battle of Waterloo.
1873 Suffragist Susan B. Anthony was fined $100 for attempting to vote
     in the 1872 presidential election.
1892 Macademia nuts were 1st planted in Hawaii.
1936 the 1st Bicycle Traffic Court in Racine, Wisconsin.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0619
1778 Washington's troops finally left Valley Forge.
1861 the Anaheim Post Office was established.
1875 the formal opening of the U.S. Marine Hospital at the Presidio.
1932 the 1st concert was given in San Francisco's Stern Grove.
1964 the 1964 Civil Rights Act survived an 83 day filibuster in the
     Senate and was approved 73-27.
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0620
1782 Congress approved the Great Seal of the United States.
1863 West Virginia became the 35th state to enter the Union.
1893 Liza Borden was found innocent of the murders of her father and
     stepmother.
1947 reputed gangster Ben "Buggsy" Siegel was shot dead in Beverly Hills.
1948 Ed Sullivan had his first really big "shoe" on Sunday night TV.
1967 Boxer Muhammad Ali was convicted of violating the Selective Service
     laws; the U.S. Supreme Court ultimately overturned his conviction.
1982 It's National Bald Eagle Day
And on this day (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0621
1788 New Hampshire became the 9th state to enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1879 F. W. Woolworth opened his 1st store (failed almost immediately,
     so he found a new location and you know the rest...)
1945 Japanese forces on Okinawa surrendered to the U.S. during WW II.
1982 a jury in Washington D.C. found John Hinckley Jr. innocent by
     reason of insanity in the shooting of President Reagan.
And on this day:
     the longest day of the year, the Summer Solstice.
     (if it's a Sunday):
     Father's Day
&&
0622
1808 Zebulon Pike reached his peak.
1847 the doughnut was invented.
1849 Stephen C. Massett opened at the SF courthouse as 1st professional
     entertainer, using the (allegedly) only piano in California.
1940 France surrendered to Germany.
1957 Kansas City stopped using streetcars in it's transit system.
1978 the planet Pluto's partner, Charon, was discovered.
1970 President Nixon signed a measure lowering the voting age to 18.
1983 1st time a satellite was retrieved from orbit, by space shuttle.
&&
0623
1860 the U.S. Secret Service was established.
1868 Christopher Sholes received a patent for his "Type-Writer".
1912 Alan Turing, mathematician and pioneer in computer theory, was born.
&&
0624
1817 the 1st coffee was planted in Hawaii, on the Kona coast.
1940 France signed an armistice with Italy during World War II.
1951 the 1st color television broadcast.
1961 it reached 110 degrees, a record for this date in Stockton, CA.
And onl this day:
     St. Jean Baptiste Day in Canada
     Midsummer Day, celebrated in Europe.
&&
0625
1178 5 Canterbury monks reported something exploding on the Moon
     (only known observation).
1630 the fork was introduced to American dining by Gov. Winthrop.
1788 Virginia became the 10th state to enter the Union.  It was one
     of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1835 Pueblo founded with construction of 1st building (start of
     Yerba Buena, later to be called San Francisco).
1950 the Korean War began.
1982 San Francisco held its 1st County Fair.
&&
0626
1870 N.J.'s famous Atlantic City boardwalk was opened to the public.
1913 Maurice Wilkes, who invented the stored program concept for
     computers, was born.
1934 FDR signed the Federal Credit Union Act, establishing Credit Unions.
1945 delegates from 50 nations signed the U. N. Charter in SF; the text
     was in 5 languages, Chinese, French, English, Spanish, and Russian.
&&
0627
1844 Mormon leader Joseph Smith was killed by a mob in Carthage, Ill.
1847 Telegraph service began as New York and Boston were linked.
1942 the FBI captured 8 Nazi saboteurs who had been put ashore from
     a submarine on New York's Long Island.
1988 Mike Tyson beat Micheal Spinks for the World Heavyweight boxing
     championship in 91 seconds.
And on this day:
     National Fink Day
&&
0628
1778 Mary Lugwig Hays gained the name "Molly Pitcher" by aiding
     American forces at the Battle of Monmouth in New Jersey.
1820 the tomato was proved to be nonpoisonous.
1838 Britain's Queen Victoria was crowned in Westminster Abbey.
1894 Labor Day was established as holiday on the 1st Monday of September.
1918 in Hawaii, the 1st inter-island flight.
1919 the Treaty of Versailles, ending World War I, was signed.
&&
0629
1776 Mission Dolores was founded by San Francisco Bay.
1854 Congress ratified the Gadsden Purchase, added parts of New Mexico
     and Arizona.
1863 the very first 1st National Bank opened in Davenport, Iowa.
1927 First flight from the West Coast arrived in Hawaii.
1970 the U.S. ended a two-month military offensive into Cambodia.
1982 an extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was signed into law.
&&
0630
1834 Congress created the Indian Territory.
1893 the Excelsior diamond (blue-white, 995 carats) was discovered.
1906 the U.S. Food and Drug Act was passed.
1908 a giant fireball impacts in Central Siberia (the Tunguska Event).
1914 Mahatma Gandhi's 1st arrest, in campaign for Indian equal
     rights in South Africa.
1934 Adolf Hitler began his "blood purge" of political and military
     leaders in Germany.
1936 Margaret Mitchell's novel "Gone With the Wind" was published in NY.
1960 Zaire gained its independence.
1971 3 cosmonauts were found dead aboard their Soyuz 11 spacecraft.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Zaire.
&&
0701
1850 at least 626 ships were counted at anchor around San Francisco Bay.
1867 the Dominion of Canada formed.
1898 Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders charged up San Juan Hill.
1899 SF City Hall was turned over to city, after 29 years of building.
1919 First Class Postage DROPPED to 2 cents from 3 cents.
1943 "pay-as-you-go" income tax withholding began.
1944 the Bretton Woods Conference started, establishing world-wide
     financial systems (like the IMF and the World Bank).
1969 Britain's Prince Charles was invested as Prince of Wales.
1966 medicare first went into effect.
1966 construction crews began tearing up Market St. in SF to build BART.
1971 Golden Gate Bridge paid for (so why is there still a toll?).
And on this day:
     Dominion Day in Canada
&&
0702
1776 New Jersey granted women's sufferage.
1900 the 1st flight of a Zeppelin (the LZ-1).
1955 the "Lawrence Welk Show" premiered on ABC television.
1961 author Ernest Hemingway shot and killed himself in Ketchum, ID.
1964 President Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act.
1976 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled the death penalty was not inherently
     cruel or unusual.
1988 the W6GO voice link on 144.95 to the NCDXC W6TI/R was removed as
     the W6GO DX PacketCluster, which aired April 20, 1988 became the
     newest sensation for DX spotting.
&&
0703
1608 Quebec, Canada was founded.
1775 Washington took command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Mass.
1819 1st savings bank in the U.S. (Bank of Savings in NYC) opened.
1861 Pony Express arrived in SF with overland letters from New York.
1890 Idaho became the 43th state to enter the Union.
1930 Congress created the Veterans Administration.
1984 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled the Jaycees may be forced by state
     laws to admit women as full members.
1988 the U.S. mistaking an Iranian commerical airliner as a warplane,
     shot it down in the Persian Gulf killing crew & 290 passengers.
And on this day:
     Dog Days begin.
&&
0704
1054 brightest known super-nova started shining, for 23 days.
1845 Thoreau moved into his shack on Walden Pond.
1863 Boise, Idaho was founded (now capital of Idaho).
1876 the 1st public exhibition of electric light in San Francisco.
1882 Telegraph Hill Observatory in San Francisco opened.
1894 Elwood Haynes successfully tested one of the 1st U.S. autos.
1903 Pacific Cable (San Francisco, Hawaii, Guam, Phillipines) opened.
     President Roosevelt sent a message to the Phillipines, then
     a message around the world in 12 minutes.
1933 work began on the Oakland Bay Bridge.
1939 Baseball's "Iron Horse" Lou Gehrig gave his farewell speech.
1976 Israeli commandos raided Entebbe airport in Uganda, rescuing the
     hostages of an Air France jetliner seized by hijackers.
And on this day:
     Independence Day
&&
0705
1811 Venezuela gained independence from Spain.
1865 William Booth founded the Salvation Army in London, England.
1935 the 1st "Hawaii Calls" radio program was broadcast.
1938 Herb Caen got his 1st column in the S.F. Chronicle.
1946 the bikini swimsuit designed by Louis Reard, made its debut at
     a fashion show in Paris.
1947 Larry Doby became the 1st Black baseball player in the American
     Leaque when he signed a contract with the Cleveland Indians.
1950 Pvt. Kenneth Shadrick became 1st U.S. fatality in the Korean War.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Venezuela
&&
0706
1885 1st inoculation (for rabies) of a human being, by Louis Pasteur.
1923 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) was formed.
1928 preview of 1st all-talking motion picture took place in NYC;
     titled "The Lights of New York".
1932 First Class postage went back up to 3 cents from 2 cents.
1933 the 1st All-Star baseball game was played; American League won 4-2.
1945 President Truman signed an order establishing the Medal of Freedom.
1957 Althea Gibson was 1st Black tennis player to win a Wimbleton title.
1967 the Biafran War erupted as Nigerian forces invaded an eastern region
     which declared independence; lasted 2 1/2 yrs claimed 600,000 lives.
&&
0707
1846 U.S. annexation of California was proclaimed as the Stars & Stripes
     was raised at Monterey.
1891 a patent was granted for the travelers cheque.
1898 Hawaii was annexed to the United States.
1908 the Great White Fleet left San Francisco Bay.
1958 President Eisenhower signed the Alaska statehood bill.
1979 Stockton's (CA) 1st "farmer's market" opened underneath the crosstown
     freeway with 22 growers present.
&&
0708
1796 the 1st American Passport was issued by the U.S. State Department.
1835 the Liberty Bell cracked (again).
1889 Vol 1, No 1, of "The Wall Street Journal" was published.
1896 William Jennings Bryan made his "cross of gold" speech at the
     Democratic Convention in Chicago.
1905 part of Angel Island allocated for the Immigration Detention Center.
1907 the first "Ziegfeld Follies" opened.
1950 Gen. Douglas MacArthur was named commander-in-chief of U.N.
     forces in Korea.
1959 Maj. Dale Buis and M/Sgt. Chester Ovnand were the 1st American
     soldiers to be killed during the Vietnam War.
&&
0709
1816 Argentina gained its independence.
1846 Capt. Montgomery claimed Yerba Buena (San Francisco) for the U.S.
1951 President Truman asked Congress to formally end the state of war
     between the U.S. and Germany.
1979 the Voyager II flew past Jupiter.
And on this day:
     National POW/MIA Recognition Day
     Independence Day, celebrated in Argentina
&&
0710
1890 Wyoming became the 44th state to enter the Union.
1925 the Scopes "Monkey" Trial started.
1962 Telstar, 1st geosynchonous communications satellite was launched.
&&
0711
1804 Burr and Hamilton duel.
1955 the U.S. Air Force Academy was dedicated at Lowry AFB in Colorado.
1962 the 1st transatlantic TV transmission via satellite (Telstar I).
1977 the Medal of Freedom was awarded to Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.
1979 the abandoned U.S. space station Skylab fell to earth.
1985 Nolan Ryan (Houston Astros) became the 1st pitcher to strike out
     4000 batters as he fanned Danny Heep of the NY Mets.
And on this day:
     National Holiday of the People's Republic of Outer Mongolia.
     (Celebrated mainly in Ulan Bator, yurt capital of Asia)
&&
0712
1543 King Henry VIII married Catharine Parr (his 6th & last wife).
1812 U.S. forces lead by Gen. Hull invaded Canada (War of 1812).
1933 Congress passed the 1st minimum wage law ($0.40 per hour).
1934 U.S. Disciplinary Barracks on Alcatraz Island were abandoned.
&&
0713
1865 Horace Greeley advised his readers to "Go west".
1898 the SF Ferry Building at the foot of Market Street opened.
1960 Sen. John F. Kennedy won the Democratic presidential nomination.
1977 NYC plunged into darkness after lightning struck power lines.
     Power was fully restored 25 hours later.
1978 Lee Iacocca was fired by Henry Ford II as president of Ford Motor.
And on this day:
     start of the Bon Festival in Japan.
&&
0714
1789 the citizens of Paris stormed the Bastille prison.
1850 1st public demonstration of ice was made by refrigeration.
1853 Commodore Perry requested trade relations with the Japanese.
1865 the 1st ascent of the Matterhorn.
1918 Jay Wright Forrester, who invented the random-access magnetic (RAM)
     core memory, was born.
1966 8 student nurses were murdered by Richard Speck in Chicago.
1986 Richard Miller, the only FBI agent ever convicted of espionage,
     was sentenced to two life terms plus 50 years.
And on this day:
     Bastille Day in France
&&
0715
1976 a 36-hr kidnap ordeal began for 26 schoolchildren and their bus
     driver near Chowchilla by 3-gunmen who imprisoned them in an
     underground cell.  They escaped unharmed.
And on this day:
     National Ice Cream Day
     Saint Swithin's Day
&&
0716
1769 Father Serra founded Mission San Diego, 1st mission in California.
1790 District of Columbia was established as the seat of the U.S. Govt.
1861 the 1st major battle of the Civil War -- Bull Run.
1945 1st atomic bomb was tested at Trinity Site, Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1969 Apollo 11, 1st manned ship to land on the moon, was launched.
&&
0717
1879 1st railroad opened in Hawaii.
1917 the British royal family adopted the name Windsor.
1954 Construction began on Disneyland in rural Orange County.
1955 Disneyland opened its doors.
And on this day:
     Constitution Day, celebrated in South Korea
&&
0718
0064 the Great Fire of Rome began (and Emperor Nero didn't fiddle).
1872 Britain introduced voting by secret ballot.
1921 John Glenn, Jr., 1st American in orbit, later Senator, was born.
1927 Ty Cobb hit safely for the 4,000th time in his career.
1938 Wrong Way Corrigan landed in Ireland (not California??).
1968 the Intel Corporation was incorporated.
1969 the Edward Kennedy Chappaquiddick Island incident.
1984 a gunman killed 21 people at a McDonald's restaurant in San Ysidro CA.
And on this day:
     National Day, celebrated in Spain
&&
0719
1848 the 1st Women's Rights Convention. Seneca Falls, New York.
1880 the SF Public Library allowed patrons to start borrowing books.
1935 1st parking meters installed in the Oklahoma City business district.
1941 Britain's Winston Churchill launched his "V for Victory" campaign.
1943 Allied air forces raided Rome during World War II.
1955 the "Balclutha" was tied up at Pier 43 and became a floating museum.
1961 the first in-flight movie was shown, on a TWA flight.
1969 Apollo II went into orbit around the moon.
1985 Christa McAuliffe was chosen to be the 1st schoolteacher to ride the
     Space Shuttle.  (She and 6 others were killed when the Challenger
     exploded in January 1986.)
&&
0720
1810 Columbia gained its independence.
1859 an admission fee was 1st charged to see a baseball game (50 cents).
1878 the 1st telephone was introduced in Hawaii.
1881 Sitting Bull, fugitive since the Battle of the Little Big Horn,
     surrendered to federal troops.
1917 the draft lottery in World War I went into operation.
1942 the 1st detachment of the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps--later
     known as WAC--began basic training at Fort Des Moines, Iowa.
1944 President Roosevelt was nominated for an unprecedented 4th term.
1969 1st man landed on the Moon, 4:18PM EDT, Armstrong and Aldrin.
1970 the 1st baby was born on Alcatraz Island.
1976 1st pictures from Mars surface were received via the successful
     landing of the Viking I robot spacecraft.
1990 1st World Radiosport Team Championship contest, as part of the 1990
     Goodwill Games in Seattle, was held with 22 top HF contest teams.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Columbia
&&
0721
1831 Belgium gained its independence.
1873 World's 1st train robbery, by Jesse James.
1930 the Veterans Administration was established.
1949 the Senate ratified the North Atlantic Treaty by a vote of 82-13.
1961 Virgil "Gus" Grissom became the 2nd American to suborbit the earth,
     flying aboard the Liberty Bell VII.
1969 Neil Armstrong stepped on the moon at 2:56:15 AM (GMT).  The Apollo
     Eleven's lunar module lifted off after 21.5 hours on the surface.
1972 Strict new state air pollution control regulations outlawed all
     backyard incinerators.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Belgium.
&&
0722
1933 Wiley Post completed first round-the-world solo flight in seven
     days, 18.75 hours.
&&
0723
1852 the 1st interment took place at the U.S. National Cemetary at
     the Presideo in San Francisco.
1877 the 1st telephone and telegraph line in Hawaii was completed.
1904 the Ice Cream Cone was invented.
1984 Vanessa Williams resigned as Miss America because of nude photos
     of her that were being published in Penthouse magazine.
1986 Britain's Prince Andrew married Sarah Ferguson in Westminster Abbey.
And on this day:
     National Day, in Egypt.
&&
0724
1946 the 1st underwater test detonation of the atomic bomb by the U.S.
&&
0725
1903 the castle on top of Telegraph Hill in San Francisco closed.
1909 the 1st airplane flight across the English Channel.
1943 Benito Mussolini was dismissed as premier of Italy during WW II.
1952 Puerto Rico was granted commonwealth status.
1956 51 lives were lost when the Italian Andrea Doria sank after it
     collided with a Swedish ship off the New England coast.
1978 Louise Joy Brown, 1st test-tube baby was born in Oldham, England.
&&
0726
1775 Benjamin Franklin became Postmaster General.
1788 New York became the 11th state to enter the Union.  It was onn
     of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1835 the 1st sugar cane plantation was started in Hawaii.
1847 Liberia gained its independence.
1908 an investigative agency was created within the Dept. of Justice
     that was a forerunner of the FBI.
1945 Winston Churchill resigned as Britain's Prime minister.
1947 President Truman signed the National Security Act which created
     the Dept. of Defense, the Natl Security Council, the CIA, and the
     Joint Chiefs of Staff.
1953 Fidel Castro began his revolt against Fulgencio Batista.
1956 Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal.
And on this day:
     the start of the Black-Eyed Peas Jamboree in Athens, Texas
     Independence Day, celebrated in Liberia.
&&
0727
1866 the Atlantic telegraph cable was successfully laid (1,686 miles).
1909 Orville Wright tested the U.S. Army's 1st airplane.
1940 Billboard magazine started publishing best-seller's charts.
1974 the House Judiciary Committee voted 27-11 to recommend President
     Nixon's impeachment due to his involdment in the Watergate case.
1976 USAF veteran Ray Brennan became the 1st person to die of
     "Legionnaire's Disease".
1980 On day 267 of the Iranian hostage crisis, the deposed Shah of Iran
     died at a military hospital outside Cairo, Egypt.
&&
0728
1821 Peru gained its independence.
1849 "Memmon" was 1st clipper to reach SF, 120 days out of New York.
1868 the 14th Amendment, guaranteeing due process of law, was in effect.
1900 the Hamburger was created by Louis Lassing in Connecticut.
1914 World War I began.
1931 Congress made "The Star-Spangled Banner" our 2nd National Anthem.
1933 the 1st Singing Telegram was delivered (to Rudy Vallee).
1945 a U.S. Army bomber crashed into the 79th floor of the Empire
     State Building killing 14 people.
1976 One of the worst earthquakes devastated northern China. killing
     an estimated 242,000 people.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Peru.
&&
0729
1858 the 1st commercial treaty between the U.S. and Japan was signed.
1914 1st transcontinental phone link was made; between NYC and SF.
1920 the 1st transcontinental airmail flight was made from NY to SF.
1981 Prince Charles of England married Lady Diana Spencer.
&&
0730
1619 the House of Burgesses in Virginia was formed; the 1st elective
     governing body in a British colony.
1836 1st English newspaper was published in Hawaii.
1916 German saboteurs blew up a munitions plant on Black Tom Island
     near Jersey City, NJ.
1962 Rest Haven, Stockton's (CA) 1st pet cemetery, was developed.
&&
0731
1498 Christopher Columbus discovered the island of Trinidad.
1790 the 1st U.S. Patent granted (for a potash process).
1964 the space probe Ranger VII transmitted pictures of the moon.
1970 Chet Huntley retired from NBC, ending the "Huntley-Brinkley Report".
     (No more "Goodnight, David"; "Goodnight, Chet").
&&
0801
1291 the Everlasting League forms, the basis of the Swiss Confederation.
1790 the 1st U.S. Census was completed showing population of 4 million
     in 13 states that included regions of 4 future states.
1794 the Whisky Rebellion.
1852 black Methodists in SF establish 1st black church, Zion Methodist.
1876 Colorado became the 38th state to enter the Union.
1881 the U.S. Quarantine Station was authorized for Angel Island.
1901 Burial within San Francisco City limits prohibited.
1946 President Truman established the Atomic Energy Commission.
1950 Guam became a United States territory.
1953 California introduced it's Sales Tax (for Education).
1958 First Class postage raised to 4 cents (was 3 cents for 26 years).
1966 Charles Whitman shot and killed 15 at the University of Texas.
1977 Francis Gary Powers, former U-2 pilot, was killed in a crash of a
     helicopter he flew for Los Angeles station KNBC.
1981 the rock music cable TV channel MTV made its debut.
And on this day:
     Confederation Day, celebrated in Switzerland.
     (if it's a Friday):
     The start of the Garlic Festival in Gilroy, California.
&&
0802
1776 members of the Continental Congress began to attach their
     signatures to the Declaration of Independence.
1873 1st trial run of a SF cable car, on Clay Street, downhill at 4am.
1877 the San Francisco Public Library opened with 5000 volumes.
1923 President Harding died at the Palace Hotel in San Francisco.
1934 German President Paul von Hindenburg died, paving the way for Adolf
     Hitler's complete takeover.
1943 Navy Lt. John F. Kennedy became a war hero after rescuing members
     of his crew after their PT boat was sheared by a Jap destroyer.
1983 the 3rd Monday in January was declared a federal holiday in honor
     civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.
1990 Iraq invaded and occupied Kuwait, touching off the Persian Gulf War
     in January 1991.
&&
0803
1492 Columbus set sail with 3 ships - the Nina, the Pinta, and the
     Santa Maria - on a voyage which would take him to the New World.
1955 Hurricane Connie hit the United States for 11 days.
1981 U.S. air traffic controllers went on strike, defying an order from
     President Reagan they would be fired if they did not return to work.
&&
0804
1693 Champagne was invented by Dom Perignon.
1790 the United States Coast Guard was founded.
1875 Hans Christian Andersen, children's author, died.
1944 Nazi police raided the secret annex of a house in Amsterdam and
     arrested 8 people, including 14-year old Anne Frank.
1964 the bodies of missing civil rights workers Mike Schwerner and
     Jim Chaney were found buried in a earthen dam in Mississippi.
&&
0805
1775 the 1st Spanish ship, "San Carlos", entered San Francisco bay.
1861 the U.S. levied its first Income Tax (3% of incomes over $800).
1864 the spectrum of a comet observed for 1st time, by Giovanni Donati.
1884 the cornerstone was laid for the Statue of Liberty in NY harbor.
1930 Neil Armstrong, astronaut--first to walk on the moon, was born.
1957 "American Bandstand" hosted by Dick Clark made its debut on ABC.
1962 Actress Marilyn Monroe, 36, was found dead in her home in LA;
     death ruled a "probable suicide" from an overdose of sleeping pills.
1963 the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was signed.
&&
0806
1835 Bolivia gained its independence.
1926 the first woman swims the English Channel.
1945 the Atom Bomb was dropped on Hiroshima by the "Enola Gay".
1965 the Voting Rights Act was signed into law by President Johnson.
1978 Pope Paul VI died at age 80.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Bolivia.
&&
0807
1789 the U.S. War Department was established.
1807 1st servicable steamboat, the Cleremont, went on its 1st voyage.
1886 Louis Alan Hazeltine, who invented the radio neutrodyne circuit,
     was born.
&&
0808
1844 Brigham Young was chosen to head the Mormon Church following the
     death of Joseph Smith.
1876 Thomas Edison received a patent for his mimeograph.
1922 Rudi Gernreich, who designed 1st woman's topless swimsuit and
     miniskirt, was born.
1974 President Nixon announced he would resign at noon the following day.
1978 Pioneer Venus II was launched.
1983 Brig. Gen. Efrain Rios Montt was deposed as president of Guatemela.
&&
0809
1842 the U.S.-Canada border was defined by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty.
1854 Henry David Thoreau published "Walden".
1902 Edward VII was crowned King of England following the death of his
     mother, Queen Victoria.
1936 Jesse Owens won his 4th gold medal at the Berlin Olympics as the
     U.S. took first place in the 400-meter relay.
1945 the Atom Bomb was dropped on Nagasaki.
1969 Actress Sharon Tate and 4 others were found murdered in Bel Air;
     Charles Manson and 3 others were later convicted of the crime.
1974 President Richard M. Nixon resigned as President; vice President
     Gerald Ford became the nation's 38th chief executive.
&&
0810
1809 Ecuador gained its independence.
1821 Missouri became the 24th state to enter the Union.
1846 the Smithsonian Institute was established.
1885 Leo Daft opened America's 1st electric streetcar, in Baltimore.
1904 new two-story homes sold for $5,000.
1921 President Roosevelt was stricken with polio while at his summer
     home on the Canadian island of Campobello.
1945 during WWII Japan announced its willingness to surrender.
1948 Allen Funt's "Candid Camera" made it debut on ABC.
1949 the National Military Establishment was renamed the Department
     of Defense.  (The NME had replaced the War Department in 1947.)
1973 the 1st BART train traveled thru the transbay tube.
1981 Pete Rose topped Stan Musial's record of 3630 hits.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Ecuador
&&
0811
1860 the nation's 1st silver mill began operating at Virginia City, Nev.
1931 the 1st federal prisoners arrived at the island prison of Alcatraz.
1956 abstract artist Jackson Pollack died in an auto accident in NY.
1962 the USSR launched cosmonaut Andrian Nikolayev into orbit for a
     flight that would last more than 94 hours.
1978 in Vatican City, the funeral of Pope Paul VI (who died Aug. 6th).
1980 hours before the Democratic National Convention opened in N.Y.
     Sen. Edward Kennedy withdrew from the presidential race.
And on this day:
     Dog Days end.
&&
0812
1658 in New Amsterdam, the first police in America formed.
1851 Issac Singer was granted a patent for his sewing machine.
1972 the last American ground combat troops left Vietnam.
&&
0813
1876 the Reciprocity Treaty between the U.S. and Hawaii was ratified.
1907 the first taxicab appeared, in New York City.
1987 on the 5th anniversary of a bull market, the Dow Jones Industrial
     Average closed at 2691.49 after briefly surpassing 2700.
And on this day:
     International Left-handers Day
&&
0814
1846 Henry David Thoreau was jailed for tax resistance.
1848 the Oregon Territory was established.
1935 Congress passed the Social Security Act.
1945 VJ Day - Japan surrendered to end World War II.
1951 newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst died in Beverly Hills.
1973 the U.S. bombing of Cambodia came to a halt, marking the end to
     12 years of American combat in Indochina.
&&
0815
1901 Arch Rock, danger to SF Bay shipping, was blasted with 30 tons
     of nitrogelatin.
1914 the Panama Canal opened to traffic.
1918 the United States and Russia severed diplomatic ties.
1935 Will Rogers, humorist, died.
1939 "The Wizard of Oz", a MGM musical, premiered at Grauman's Chinese
     Theater in Hollywood.
1945 South Korea was liberated from Japanese rule.
1947 India became independent after some 200 years of British rule.
1961 East German workers began building the Berlin Wall.
1960 the Congo (Brazzaville) gained its independence.
1969 the Woodstock Music and Art Fair opened in New York state.
1971 President Nixon announced a 90-day freeze on wages, prices & rent.
1974 South Korean President Park Chung-hee escaped an assassination
     attempt, but his wife was killed.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in the Congo.
     Liberation Day, celebrated in South Korea.
&&
0816
1948 baseball legend Babe Ruth died in New York at the age of 53.
1956 Adlai E. Stevenson was nominated at the Democratic convention.
1960 Britain granted independence to the crown colony of Cyprus.
1977 Elvis Presley, rock singer and actor, died.
1987 156 were killed in a Northwest Airlines crash in Detroit; sole
     survivor was 4 year-old Celelia Cichan.
&&
0817
1863 Federal batteries and ships bombarded Fort Sumter in Charleston
     harbor during the Civil War.
1891 the 1st public bathhouse with showers opened in New York City.
1908 Bank of Italy opened its new headquarters at Clay & Montgomery.
1939 "The Wizard of Oz" opened at the Loew's Capital theater in N.Y.
1950 Indonesia gained its independence.
1969 hurricane Camille slammed into the U.S. Gulf Coast, killing 250.
1987 the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above 2,700 for the 1st
     time, at 2,700.57.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Indonesia
&&
0818
1914 President Woodrow Wilson issued his Proclamation of Neutrality.
1954 Asst. Sec. of Labor James Wilkins became 1st black to attend a
     meeting of the President's Cabinet.
1958 the novel "Lolita," by Vladimir Nabokov, was published.
1963 James Meredith became 1st black to graduate from U. of Mississippi.
1982 the NY Stock exchange topped 100 million level as 132.69 million
     shares were traded.
&&
0819
1826 Canada Co. chartered to colonize Upper Canada (Ontario).
1848 the New York Herald reported the discovery of gold in California.
1929 the comedy program "Amos and Andy" starring Freeman Gosden and
     Charles Correll made its network radio debut on NBC.
1960 Francis Gary Powers was convicted of spying by USSR (U-2 incident).
1977 comedian Groucho Marx died at Cedar Sinai Med Center at age 86.
And on this day:
     Aviation Day
&&
0820
1896 the dial telephone was patented.
1918 Britain opened its offensive on the Western front during WW I.
1942 Dimout regulations were implemented in San Francisco.
1953 the USSR announced it had conducted a test detonation of a H-bomb.
1964 President Johnson signed an anti-poverty measure of $1 billion.
1977 the Voyager II was launched.
1986 a postal clerk Henry Sherrill, killed 14 fellow workers and himself
     at a post office in Edmond, Okla.
&&
0821
1831 former slave Nat Turner led a violent insurrection against slavery
     in Virginia.  He was later executed.
1858 the famous debates began between Abe Lincoln and Stephen Douglas.
1945 FCC released 112-115.5 MHz. to amateur radio use.
1959 Hawaii became the 50th state to enter the Union.
1968 the Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia.
1986 over 1700 people died when toxic gas erupted from a volcanic
     lake in Cameroon.
&&
0822
1787 John Fitch completed tests on his steamboat, several years before
     Fulton built his steamboat.
1902 President Theodore Roosevelt became 1st U.S. chief executive to
     ride in an automobile, in Hartford, Conn.
1911 Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa" was stolen in Paris; it turned up
     two years later in Italy.
&&
0823
1869 1st carload of freight (boots & shoes) arrived in San Francisco,
     from Boston, after a 16-day rail trip.
1872 the 1st Japanese commercial ship visited SF with cargo of tea.
1889 1st ship-to-shore wireless message was received in United States:
     U.S. lightship to Cliff House.
1947 President Truman's daughter, Margaret, gave her 1st public concert
     as a singer at the Hollywood Bowl.
1979 Soviet dancer Alex Godunov defected while on tour in New York.
&&
0824
0079 Mt. Vesuvius erupted burying the Roman cities of Pompeii and
     Herculaneum.  An estimated 20,000 people died.
1814 British sack Washington, DC.
1869 the Waffle Iron was invented.
1909 workers started pouring concrete for the Panama Canal.
1932 Amelia Earhart became 1st woman to fly non-stop across the U.S.
     from Los Angeles to Newark in just over 19 hours.
1989 the Voyager II flew past Neptune.
&&
0825
1825 Uruguay gained its independence.
1916 the National Park Service was established.
1928 Byrd began his Antarctic expedition.
1929 Graf Zeppelin passed over San Francisco, headed for Los Angeles
     after trans-Pacific voyage from Tokyo.
1944 Allied forces liberated Paris, ending 4 years of German occupation.
1950 President Truman ordered the Army to seize control of nation's
     railroads to avert a strike.
1981 the Voyager II flew past Saturn.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Uruguay.
&&
0826
55 B.C. Roman forces under Julius Caesar invaded Britain.
1629 Cambridge Agreement pledged.  Massachusetts Bay Co. stockholders
     agreed to emigrate to New England.
1791 John Fitch was granted a U.S. patent for his working steamboat.
1846 W. A. Bartlett was appointed 1st U.S. mayor of Yerba Buena (SF).
1873 Lee De Forest, who invented the Audion vacuum tube, was born.
1907 Houdini escaped from chains underwater in 57 seconds in
     Aquatic Park, San Francisco.
1920 the 19th Amendment passed guaranteeing women the right to vote.
1937 pumping to build Treasure Island (in SF bay) was finished.
1974 Charles Lindbergh died at his home in Hawaii at age 72.
1978 Pope John Paul I was elected.
&&
0827
1859 1st successful oil well was drilled near Titusville, Penn.
1883 the island volcano Krakatoa blew up and tidal waves from the great
     explosions in Indonesia's Sunda Strait claimed some 36,000 lives.
1928 the Kellogg-Briand Pact, where 60 nations agreed to outlaw war.
1979 Britain's war hero Lord Louis Mountbatten was killed in a boat
     explosion claimed by the outlawed Irish Republican Army.
1984 President Reagan announced a schoolteacher would be the 1st citizen
     astronaut to fly aboard the space shuttle.
&&
0828
1916 Italy's declaration of war against Germany took effect during WWI.
1917 10 suffragists were arrested as they picketed the White House.
1922 the 1st radio "commercial" broadcast by WEAF in New York when
     the Queensboro Realty Co paid $100 for 10 minutes of air time.
1963 some 200,000 gathered in Washington D.C. to hear Martin Luther
     King Jr. deliver his now-famous "I Have a Dream" speech.
&&
0829
1896 Chop Suey was invented, in NYC, by the chef to visiting Chinese
     Ambassador Li Hung-chang.
1914 "Arizonan", 1st vessel to arrive in SF, via the Panama Canal.
1944 15,000 Americans troops marched down Champs Elysees in Paris as
     the French capital celebrated its liberation from the Nazis.
1954 San Francisco International Airport (SFO) opened.
1965 Gemini V splashed down in the Atlantic after 8 days in space.
1966 the Beatles gave their last public concert, at Candlestick Park.
&&
0830
  30 Cleopatra, the 7th queen of ancient Egypt, committed suicide.
1850 Honolulu, Hawaii became a city.
1862 Union forces were defeated by the Confederates at Bull Run.
1890 the 1st Meat Inspection legislation was enacted.
1905 Ty Cobb made his major leaque batting debut, for the Detroit Tigers.
1941 the siege of Leningrad by Nazi troops began during WWII.
1963 the Hot Line went into operation between Washington and Moscow.
1967 Thurgood Marshall began the 1st black justice on the Supreme Court.
1979 1st recorded occurrance of a comet hitting the sun (the energy
     released was about equal to 1 million hydrogen bombs).
1984 the Discovery blasted off after 3 postponements over 2 months.
&&
0831
1886 Crocker-Woolworth National Bank was organized.
1886 the 1st recorded major U.S. earthquake rocked Charleston, S.C.
     killing an estimated 110 people.
1887 Thomas Edison received a patent for his Kinetoscope, a device
     which produced moving pictures.
1888 Mary Ann Nicholls, a prostitute in London, was the 1st victim
     of the now known Jack the Ripper killer.
1895 the 1st professional football game was played in Latrobe, PA.
1969 Rocky Marciano, boxer, was killed in an airplane crash in Iowa.
1980 the Solidarity Labor Union in Poland was founded.
&&
0901
1807 former VP Aaron Burr was found innocent of treason.
1849 the California Constitutional Convention began in Monterey.
1862 the 1st federal tax on tobacco was started.
1878 1st woman telephone operator started work (Emma Nutt in Boston).
1923 Tokyo and Yokohama were hit by an earthquake which claimed 150,000.
1939 Germany invaded Poland, triggered World War II.
1945 Americans received word of Japan's surrender, ending WWII.  It was
     September 2nd in Tokyo Bay where the surrender took place.
1952 Sutro Baths in San Francisco were purchased by George Whitney.
1983 the USSR shot down a Korean Air Lines Boeing 747 killing 269 after
     it had entered into Soviet airspace.
1990 the new Part 97 Amateur Radio rules and regulations became effective.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0902
1620 the Mayflower set sail from Plymouth with 102 Pilgrims.
1666 the Great London Fire broke out; claimed 1000's of homes, few lives.
1789 the U.S. Treasury Department was established by Congress.
1859 gas lighting was introduced to Hawaii.
1901 VP Theodore Roosevelt, at the Minnesota State Fair, in a speech
     offered the advice, "Speak softly and carry a big stick".
1940 the great Smokey Mountain National Park was dedicated.
1945 Japan surrendered in ceremonies aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.
1945 Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnam an independent republic.
1985 after 73 years, the Titanic wreckage was located 560 miles off
     Newfoundland by a U.S.-French expedition.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0903
1783 the Treaty of Paris, ending the Revolutionary War, was signed.
1894 Labor Day was 1st observed as a legal holiday.
1939 England and France declared war on Germany.
1943 Allied forces invaded Italy in World War II.
1951 the TV soap opera "Search for Tomorrow" made its debut on CBS.
1967 the original "What's My Line?" TV show, hosted by John Daly,
     broadcasted its final episode after 17 years on CBS.
1976 the unmanned Viking II landed on Mars to take the 1st color photos
     of the planet's surface.
1978 Pope John Paul I was officially installed as the 264th supreme
     pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0904
1781 Los Angeles was founded in the Valley of Smokes (Indian Name),
     and named, "El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora La Reina de Los Angeles
     de Porciuncula."
1833 1st newsboy in the U.S. hired (Barney Flaherty), by the NY Sun.
1866 the 1st daily newspaper in Hawaii began publication.
1888 George Eastman patented 1st rollfilm camera & registers "Kodak".
1957 Ford Motor Co. began selling the ill-fated Edsel; stopped in 1959.
1972 Mark Spitz won a record 7th Gold Medal in the 400-meter relay
     at the Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.
1989 the NC/Nev DXPSN backbone NetRom node was established on Mt. Diablo
     by N6IXX and N6IG.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0905
1698 Russia's Peter the Great imposed a tax on beards.
1774 the 1st Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia
1781 Battle of Virginia Capes, where the French Fleet defeated the
     British rescue fleet, trapping Cornwallis at Yorktown.
1882 the nation's 1st Labor Day parade was held in New York.
1885 the 1st gasoline pump was delivered to a gasoline dealer.
1939 the U.S. proclaimed its neutrality in World War II.
1957 "On the Road" a novel by "beat" author Jack Kerouac was published.
1972 11 Israeli atheletes and 5 Arab guerrillas who had taken them
     hostage, were killed during a shootout with police at the
     Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.
1977 Voyager II was launched.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0906
1620 the Pilgrims set sail on the Mayflower to the New World.
1716 the 1st lighthouse in the U.S. was completed, in Boston.
1869 the 1st westbound train arrived in San Francisco.
1873 regular cable car service began on Clay Street in San Francisco.
1876 Southern Pacific line from Los Angeles to San Francisco completed.
1901 Pres. McKinley was mortally wounded by an assassin's bullet.
1909 Robert Peary sent word he reached the North Pole 5 months earlier.
1966 South African PM Hendrik Verwoerd was stabbed to death during a
     parliamentary session in Cape Town.
1966 Star Trek appeared on TV (on NBC) for the first time.
1978 the summit of the world's 2nd highest peak Pakistan's K2 was reached
     by a 13-member team with 2 Americans, Wickwire and Reichardt.
And on this day:
     the National Holiday of Swaziland.
     (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0907
1825 Marquis de Lafayette bade farewell to President John Quincy Adams
     following his famous tour of the United States.
1892 Corbett became the 1st World Heavy Weight champion.
1901 the Peace of Beijing ended the Boxer Rebellion in China.
1907 Sutro's ornate Cliff House in SF was destroyed by fire.
1940 the Nazi's began their blitz against London during WW II.
1977 the Panama Canal treaties were signed by the U.S. releasing control
     of the waterway to Panama.
1977 Watergate conspirator Gordon Liddy released after 4 yrs in prison.
1986 Desmond Tutu was installed as the 1st black to lead the Anglican
     Church in southern Africa.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Brazil.
     (if it's a Monday):
     Labor Day, a legal holiday
&&
0908
1565 1st permanent settlement in U.S. founded at St Augustine, Florida.
1858 Lincoln made a speech about when you can fool people.
1900 6,000 people were killed when a hurricane struck Galveston, Texas.
1920 New York to San Francisco U.S. Air Mail service was inaugurated.
1921 Margaret Gorman of Washington was crowned 1st Miss America.
1930 the comic strip "Blondie" first appeared.
1935 Sen. Huey P. Long, "Kingfish" of Louisiana politics, was shot
     inside the state capitol.  He died two days later.
1939 President Roosevelt declared a "limited national emergency."
1951 a peace treaty with Japan was signed by 48 other nations in SF.
1952 "The Old Man and the Sea", by Ernest Hemingway, was published.
1974 Pres. Ford granted an unconditional pardon to former Pres. Nixon.
And on this day:
     International Literacy Day
&&
0909
1776 the Continental Congress authorized the name "United States".
1830 Charles Durant flew a balloon from NYC across the Hudson River.
1850 California became the 31st state to enter the Union.
1875 Lotta's Fountain (Kearny & Market) in SF was dedicated.
1880 President Hayes visited San Francisco.
1919 most of Boston's 1,500-man police force went on strike.
1926 NBC was created by the Radio Corporation of America.
1948 the People's Democratic Republic of Korea (North Korea) was created.
1956 Elvis Presley made his 1st appearance on "The Ed Sullivan Show."
1965 Sandy Koufax (LA Dodgers) pitched a perfect game against the
     Chicago Cubs, winning 1-0.
1982 the "Conestoga I", 1st private rocket, was launched.
And on this day:
     Admission Day, a California Holiday.
&&
0910
1608 John Smith was elected president of the Jamestown colony council.
1846 Elias Howe received a patent for his sewing machine.
1847 the 1st theater opened in Hawaii.
1913 the Lincoln Highway opened as 1st paved coast-to-coast highway.
1939 Canada declared war on Germany.
1948 Mildred Gillars, accused of being Nazi wartime radio broadcaster
     "Axis Sally", was indicted in Washington for treason.
1953 Swanson sold its first "TV Dinner".
1955 the TV series "Gunsmoke" premiered on CBS television.
&&
0911
1789 Alexander Hamilton was appointed secretary of the Treasury.
1850 the "Swedish Nightingale", Jenny Lind, gave her 1st U.S. concert.
1853 1st electric telegraph in use, Merchant's Exchange to Point Lobos.
1910 1st commercially successful electric bus line opened, in Hollywood.
1929 SF Mayor Rolph inaugurated new pedestrian traffic light system.
1936 FDR dedicated Boulder Dam, now Hoover Dam, by pressing a key in
     Washington to signal startup of the dam's hydroelectric generator.
1972 BART began service with a 26 mile line from Oakland to Fremont.
And on this day:
     Grandparents Day
&&
0912
1938 in a speech Adolf Hitler demanded self-determination for the
     Sudeten Germans in Czechoslovakia.
1953 Sen. John F. Kennedy married Jacqueline Lee Bouvier.
1966 an earthquake rated 6.5, near Reno, rocked the Stockton area.
1974 Emperor Haile Selassie was deposed by Ethiopia's military after
     ruling for 58 years.
1978 the TV comedy series "Taxi" premiered on ABC.
&&
0913
1788 New York City became the capitol of the United States.
1803 Commodore John Barry, father of the American navy, died.
1922 the highest temperature in the shade was recorded in El Azizia,
     Libya, which reached 136.4 degress Fahrenheit.
1943 Chiang Kai-shek became president of China.
1948 Rep. Margaret Chase Smith was elected to the U.S. Senate, the 1st
     woman to serve in both houses of Congress.
1971 a 4-day rebellion at Attica Prison in NY ended, claiming 43 lives.
1977 Leopold Stokowski, best-known symphonic conductor, died at age 95.
&&
0914
1716 the 1st lighthouse in the U.S. was lit, in Boston Harbor.
1812 Russians set fire to Moscow after an invasion by Napoleon troops.
1814 Francis Scott Key inspired to write "The Star-Spangled Banner".
1886 the typewriter ribbon was patented.
1892 A.P. Giannini married Clorinda Cuneo.
1899 while in New York, Henry Bliss became 1st automobile fatality.
1927 modern dance pioneer Isadora Duncan died when her scarf became
     entangled in a wheel of her sports car in Nice, France.
1940 Congress passed the Selective Service Act.
1963 Mary Ann Fischer (So. Dak.) gave birth to America's first surviving
     quintuplets, four girls and a boy.
1975 Pope Paul VI declared Mother Elizabeth Seton 1st U.S.-born saint.
1982 Princess Grace of Monaco died of injuries from a car crash.
&&
0915
1789 the U.S. Department of Foreign Affairs was created.
1821 Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatamala, Honduras & Nicaragua all
     gained their independence.
1887 the city of Philadelphia launched a 3-day celebration of the
     100th anniversary of the U.S. Constitution.
1935 the Nuremberg Laws deprived German Jews of their citzenship and
     made the swastika the official symbol of Nazi Germany.
1957 San Francisco Seals (Pacific Coast League) played their last game.
1978 Muhammad Ali won a 15-round decision over Leon Spinks.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, for Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatamala,
     Honduras and Nicaragua.
     Felt Hat Day, when men of fashion put away their straw hats.
&&
0916
1620 the Mayflower departed from Plymouth, England with 102 pilgrims.
1782 the Great Seal of the United States was used for 1st time.
1857 a patent was issued for the typesetting machine.
1919 the American Legion was incorporated.
1934 the Lodi Grape Festival and National Wine Show was first held.
1974 the Bay Area Rapid Transit began regular transbay service.
1974 President Ford announced an amnesty program for Vietnam War
     deserters and draft-evaders.
1985 the FCC adopted a declaration of limited preemption of local and
     state regulation of Amateur Radio, known as PRB-1.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Mexico.
&&
0917
1776 the Presidio of San Francisco was founded as a Spanish fort.
1787 the U.S. Constitution was adopted.
1819 the 1st whaling ship arrived in Hawaii.
1927 Charles Lindbergh arrived in San Francisco.
1972 BART began passenger service.
And on this day:
     Constitution Day
&&
0918
1810 Chile gained its independence.
1850 Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act, which allowed slave owners
     to reclaim slaves who had escaped into other states.
1851 the "The New York Times" went on sale, at 2 cents a copy.
1882 the Pacific Stock Exchange opened (as the Local Security Board).
1927 the Columbia Broadcasting System started to broadcast.
1963 "The Patty Duke Show" premiered on ABC-TV.
1975 the FBI captured Patricia Hearst in SF 19 months after she was
     kidnapped by the SLA.
1976 over 1,000,000 Chinese gathered in Beijing to mourn their late
     leader, Mao Tse-tung.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Chile.
     the start of the Jewish New Year.
&&
0919
1777 American soldiers in the Revolutionary War won the 1st Battle
     of Saratoga over the British.
1849 1st commercial laundry was established, in Oakland, California.
1873 Black Friday: Jay Cooke & Co. failed, causing a securities panic.
1906 Mark Twain, honor guest at the annual dinner of Associated Press,
     said there were "only two forces that can carry light to all
     the corners of the globe...the sun in the heavens and The
     Associated Press down here."
1928 the 1st Mickey Mouse film cartoon was shown, in New York.
1934 Bruno Hauptmann was arrested and charged with the kidnap-murder
     of the Lindbergh infant.
1955 Argentina Pres. Juan Peron was ousted after a military revolt.
1959 USSR Nikita Khrushchev lost his temper during a visit to LA after
     he was informed he would not get to visit Disneyland.
1968 a baby was born on Golden Gate Bridge.
1982 streetcars stop running on Market St after 122 years of service.
1984 Britain and China reached an agreement to transfer Hong Kong
     from British to Chinese rule by 1997.
1985 1st of a pair of earthquakes hit Mexico City, claimed 6,000 lives.
&&
0920
1519 Magellan started 1st successful circumnavigation of the world.
1797 U.S. frigate "Constitution" (Old Ironsides) launched in Boston.
1859 a patent was granted on the electric range.
1870 Italian troops took control of the Papal States.
1873 panic sweep the NY Stock Exchange in the weke of railroad bond
     defaults and bank failures.
1884 Equal Rights Party was formed at a convention of suffragists in SF,
     and nominated female candidates for President, Vice President.
1962 James Meredith, a black, was blocked from enrolling in the
     University of Mississippi by Gov. Barnett.  He was later admitted.
1963 Pres. Kennedy proposed a joint U.S-Soviet expedition to the moon.
1977 the first wave of Southeast Asian boat people arrived in SF.
1978 John Vorster, prime minister of white-ruled South Africa since
     1966 resigned to seek the ceremonial position of president.
1984 a car bomber attacked the U.S. Embassy annex in Beirut.
1987 Pope John Paul II concluded an 11-day visit to North America.
And on this day:
     World Peace Day
&&
0921
1784 1st daily newspaper in U.S. began publication in Pennsylvania.
1895 1st auto manufacturer opened -- Duryea Motor Wagon Company.
1897 the NY Sun ran its famous "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus"
     editorial in answer to 8-year old Virginia O'Hanlon's letter.
1930 Johann Ostermeyer patented his invention, the flashbulb.
1931 Britain went off the gold standard.
1937 "The Hobbitt," by J.R.R. Tolkien, was first published.
1948 Milton Berle made his debut as host of "The Texaco Star Theater".
1949 the People's Republic of China was proclaimed by Communist leaders.
1954 the nuclear submarine "Nautilus" was commissioned.
1957 "Perry Mason," starring Raymond Burr, made its debut on CBS-TV.
1973 the U.S. Senate confirmed Henry Kissinger as Secretary of State.
1981 Sandra Day O'Connor became the 1st woman justice on Supreme Court.
1982 National Football Leaque players began a 57-day strike which
     resulted in cancellation of 112 of 224 games.
&&
0922
1789 Congress authorized the office of postmaster general.
1862 President Lincoln made his Emancipation Proclamation speech.
1893 1st auto built in U.S. ran in Springfield built by Duryea brothers.
1903 a patent was granted for the Ice Cream Cone.
1927 in the famous "long count" fight, Gene Tunney defended his
     heavyweight boxing title against Jack Dempsey.
1947 KUOP, University of Pacific's FM station, went on the air for
     the 1st time; 1st educational station in the state to use FM freqs.
1950 Omar Bradley was promoted to the rank of 5-star general, joining
     Eisenhower, MacAuthur, George Marshall, and Henry "Hap" Arnold.
1964 "Fiddler on the Roof" opened on Broadway; made 3,242 performances.
1980 the Persian Gulf conflict between Iran and Iraq erupted into war.
1982 SF's famous cable cars made a final run before closing down for a
     20-month, $60-million renovation.
And on this day:
     the Autumn Harvest Festival in Wheaton, Illinois.
&&
0923
1780 John Andre revealed Benedict Arnold's plot to betray West Point.
1779 the Naval engagement between "Bonhomme Richard" and "HMS Serepis".
1912 the 1st Mack Sennett "Keystone Comedy" movie was released.
1952 the 1st closed circuit pay-TV telecast of a sports event.
And on this day:
     the first day of Fall.
&&
0924
1789 Congress created the Post Office.
1845 the 1st baseball team was organized.
1852 a new invention, the dirigible, was demonstrated.
1853 the 1st round-the-world trip by yacht (Cornelius Vanderbilt).
1865 James Cooke walked a tightrope from Cliff House to Seal Rocks.
1869 Black Friday: crashing gold prices caused a stock market panic.
1895 1st round-the-world trip by a woman on a bicycle (took 15 months).
1954 "The Tonight Show" premiered.
1957 the Brooklyn Dodgers played their last game at Ebbets Field.
1960 1st atomic powered aircraft carrier, the "Enterprise", was launched.
1976 Patricia Hearst was sentenced to 7 years in prison.  She was
     released after 22 months by clemency order issued by Pres. Carter.
&&
0925
1513 Vasco Nunez de Balboa was the 1st European to see the Pacific Ocean.
1789 Congress proposed the Bill of Rights.
1890 Congress established Yosemite National Park in California.
&&
0926
1542 Cabrillo discovered California.
1824 Kapiolani defied Pele (Hawaiian volcano goddess) and lived.
1966 the Staten Island was 1st icebreaker to enter San Francisco bay.
&&
0927
1825 railroad transportation was born with 1st track in England.
&&
0928
1542 Juan Cabrillo discovered California, at San Diego Bay.
1781 Siege of Yorktown began, last battle of the the Revolutionary War.
1787 the Constitution was submitted to the states for ratification.
And on this day:
     Confucius' Birthday, celebrated in the Republic of China (Taiwan).
&&
0929
1923 Steinhart Aquarium in Golden Gate Park opened to the public.
&&
0930
1846 the 1st tooth extraction under anesthetics, in Charlestown, Mass.
1878 the 1st immigrants from Portugal arrived in Hawaii.
1962 the 3rd revision of the English Bible was published.
1967 Palace of Fine Arts reopened (1st time during 1915 exposition).
&&
1001
1869 the 1st postcards were issued in Vienna.
1896 Yosemite in California becomes a National Park.
1898 Henry Huntington purchased the Los Angeles Railway.
1903 1st World Series started between the National & American Leagues.
1908 Henry Ford introduced the Model T car.
1960 Nigeria gained its independence.
1962 Johnny Carson hosted his first Tonight Show.
1964 San Francisco Cable Cars were declared a National Landmark.
1971 Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida opened.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Nigeria.
&&
1002
1608 Hans Lippershey offered the Dutch government a new invention --
     the telescope.
1836 Darwin returned to England aboard the HMS Beagle.
1958 Guinea gained its independence.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Guinea.
&&
1003
1789 Washington proclaimed the 1st national Thanksgiving Day on Nov 26.
1863 Lincoln designated the last Thursday in Nov as Thanksgiving Day.
1955 Captain Kangaroo premiered.  Good Morning, Captain!
1913 the Federal Income Tax was signed into law (at 1%).
1960 San Francisco's White House department store was first to accept
     the BankAmericard in lieu of cash.
1988 the Discovery shuttlecraft landed after 65 orbits, the first
     attempt since the major Challenger disaster.
1990 for DXCC purposes, following unitification, Germany again become
     one country.
And on this day:
     Child Health Day
&&
1004
1916 Market Street's "Path of Gold" lit for 1st time.
1957 USSR launched Sputnik, the first artificial earth satellite.
     Its signals were audible on 20.005 and 40.010 MHz.
&&
1005
1875 Palace Hotel on Market Street in San Francisco opened.
1921 the 1st radio broadcast of the World Series.
1963 the Hyde Street Pier re-opened as State Historical Park.
1970 the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) became a network.
&&
1006
1846 George Westinghouse, responsible for alternating current (AC)
     in the United States, was born.
1876 the American Library Association was organized.
1889 Thomas Edison showed his first motion picture.
1927 "The Jazz Singer", 1st movie with a sound track, premiered.
1935 Market Street Railway started using trackless trolley coaches.
&&
1007
1826 Granite Railway (1st chartered railway in US) begins operations
1849 Edgar Allen Poe, author, died.
&&
1008
1840 1st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed.
1860 telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.
1871 the Great Chicago Fire destroyed over 4 square miles of Chicago.
1896 Dow Jones started reporting an average of industrial stocks.
1933 Coit Tower in San Francisco was dedicated.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii)
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1009
1000 Leif Ericson discovered "Vinland" (possibly New England).
1776 Spanish missionaries settle in present-day San Francisco, and
     Mission Delores was founded.
1938 Laura Ingalls was the 1st woman to fly across the U.S.
1957 the Brooklyn Dodgers announced their move to Los Angeles.
1975 Emperor Hirohito of Japan visited San Francisco.
1987 Clare Booth Luce, died at age 84.
And on this day:
     Fire Prevention Day
     (if it's a Monday):
     Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii)
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1010
1886 tuxedo dinner jackets made its American debut in Tuxedo, New York.
1911 the Manchu Dynasty was overthrown in China.
1913 The Atlantic and Pacific finally meet via the Panama Canal.
1964 the 18th Summer Olympics opened in Tokyo, Japan.
1973 Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned.
1980 Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope network dedicated.
And on this day:
     National Day, celebrated in Taiwan
     (if it's a Monday):
     Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii)
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1011
1890 the Daughters of the American Revolution was founded.
1936 "Professor Quiz" aired as first quiz program on radio.
1968 Apollo 7 was launched, 1st manned flight of the Command & Service
     modules.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii)
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1012
1492 Columbus landed in San Salvador, discovered the New World.
1870 Robert E. Lee died at age 63.
1933 Alcatraz became a federal prison (unofficially).
1933 bank robber John Dillinger escaped from jail in Ohio.
1957 the 1st commercial flight between California and Antartica.
1960 Soviet Premier Khrushchev disrupted the UN General Assembly
     by pounding his shoe on the desk.
1963 at 4AM, traffic on the Bay Bridge started 1-way on each deck.
1973 President Nixon nominated Gerald Ford to succeed VP Spiro Agnew.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     the REAL Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii)
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1013
1775 Congress established the Navy.
1792 Washington laid the cornerstone of the White House in Wash D.C.
1943 Italy declared war on Germany, its one-time axis partner.
1960 the 3rd presidential debate between Nixon and Kennedy.
1984 space shuttle Challenger landed following the 1st space walk by
     a woman, astronaut Kathy Sullivan.
1988 Mike Venezia, jockey, was killed when his horse broke a leg and
     he was kicked in the face by another when he fell off.  He did
     21,423 races with 2,247 wins.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii).
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1014
1866 the Normans win the Battle of Hastings.
1774 the 1st declaration of colonial rights in America was established.
1944 Erwin Rommel committed sucide.
1947 Chuck Yeager piloted the 1st supersonic flight to break the sound
     barrier (Mach 1.015 at 42,000 feet).
1960 President Kennedy suggested the Peace Corps be established.
1964 Martin Luther King Jr. won the Nobel Peace Prize.
1977 Bing Crosby died.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Columbus Day, a holiday
     Discoverer's Day (celebrated in Hawaii)
     Canadian Thanksgiving Day
&&
1015
1860 Grace Bedell wrote to Lincoln, told him to grow a beard.
1863 the Cliff House opened in San Francisco (1st of many on the site).
1917 German spy Mata Hari was executed.
1946 Nazi war criminal Hermann Goering poisoned himself a day before
     he was to be executed.
1969 Bank of America World Headquarters (555 California) was dedicated.
And on this day:
     Mushroom Day
     National Grouch Day
&&
1016
1793 Queen Marie Antoinette of France was beheaded.
1859 John Brown attacked the armory at Harper's Ferry.
1869 a hotel in Boston became the 1st to have indoor plumbing.
1916 the 1st birth control clinic opened, in New York City.
1941 Gordo (by Gus Arriola) first appeared in newspapers.
1962 the Cuban missile crisis began as JFK discovered bases in Cuba.
1978 Karol Wojtyla of Poland was named pope by the College of Cardinals;
     Pope John Paul II.
&&
1017
1781 Cornwallis was defeated at Yorktown.
1855 the Bessemer Steelmaking process was patented.
1899 Sutro RR was sold to Robert F. Morrow for $215,000.
1904 Bank of Italy (Bank of America) opened its doors.
1931 mobster Al Capone was convicted of income tax evasion.
1945 Juan Peron staged coup in Buenos Aires and became absolute
     dictator of Argentina.
1979 Mother Theresa won the Nobel Prize.
1989 a 7.1 earthquake, titled Loma Prieta, hit the SF Bay Area causing
     only a few deaths, but injuring hundreds and causing severe damage.
&&
1018
1767 the "Mason-Dixon" line, the boundary between Maryland and
     Pennsylvania, was agreed upon.
1867 the United States took formal possession of Alaska from Russia.
1873 the Ivy League established rules for college football.
1892 1st commercial long-distance phone line opened (Chicago-New York).
1922 the British Broadcasting Corporation was established.
1969 the U.S. Government banned the sweeteners known as cyclamates.
1977 the NY Yankee's Reggie Jackson tied Babe Ruth's record of 3 home
     runs in 1 World Series game.
And on this day:
     the start of the Moslem New Year.
&&
1019
1765 the Stamp Act Congress issued a declaration of rights and liberties
     in New York.
1781 Cornwallis surrendered at 2PM at Yorktown, Virginia.
1845 Wagner's opera "Tannhauser" was performed for the first time.
1853 the 1st flour mill in Hawaii began operation.
1919 the 1st Distinguished Service Medal awarded to a woman.
1950 UN Forces enter Pyongyang, capital of North Korea.
1968 the Golden Gate Bridge began tolls only for southbound cars.
1977 the supersonic Concorde made its 1st landing at JFK Airport.
&&
1020
1600 the Battle of Sekigahara, which established the Tokugawa clan as
     rulers of Japan (SHOGUN) until 1865 (basis of Clavell's novel).
1803 the U.S. Senate ratified the Louisiana Purchase.
1820 Spain gave Florida to the United States.
1906 Dr. Lee DeForest gave a demonstration of his radio tube.
1929 the Bayshore Highway opened.
1947 the House Un-American Activities Committee opened hearings about
     Communists in Hollywood.
1968 Jacqueline Kennedy married Aristotle Onassis.
1973 the "Saturday Night Massacre," special Watergate prosecutor
     Archibald Cox was dismissed.
1984 the Monterey Bay Aquarium opened as an internationally-recognized
     center for sea life exhibits, public education and research.
&&
1021
1805 the Battle of Trefalgar, where Nelson established British naval
     supremacy for the next century.
1869 the 1st shipment of fresh oysters came overland from Baltimore.
1879 Thomas Edison commercially perfected the light bulb.
1929 the 1st air ambulance service was organized.
1959 the Frank Lloyd Wright Guggenheim Museum opened in New York City.
1960 the 4th Nixon-Kennedy debate.
1967 Demonstrators stormed the Pentagon.
1983 Some 2000 U.S. Marines headed for the island of Grenada.
&&
1022
1746 Princeton University received its charter.
1934 Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd was shot to death in E. Liverpool, Ohio.
1936 the 1st commercial flight from mainland to Hawaii.
1939 the 1st pro football game was televised.
1962 President JFK announced a blockade of Cuba.
1975 Cincinnati beat Boston to win 1st World Series in 35 years.
1979 the deposed Shah of Iran arrived in NYC for medical treatment.
1981 the U.S. National debt topped $1 TRILLION (nothing to celebrate).
&&
1023
1915 25,000 women marched in NYC demanding the right to vote.
1956 the ill-fated revolt in Communist Hungary started, later crushed
     by Soviet tanks.
1958 Soviet author Boris Pasternak won the Nobel Prize for his book
     "Doctor Zhivago".
1978 President Nixon agreed to give the Watergate tapes to Judge Sirica.
1983 241 marines and sailors were killed by a bomb blast at the
     U.S. compound in Beirut.
And on this day:
     United States Day
&&
1024
1901 Anna Edson Taylor became the 1st person to go over Niagara Falls
     in a barrel.
1940 Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, the 40-hour work week began.
1945 the United Nations Charter went into effect.
1962 the U.S. began its blockade of Cuba during the missile crisis.
And on this day:
     United Nations Day
&&
1025
1415 the Battle of Agincourt, where the Welsh longbow defeated the
     armored knight.
1854 charge of the Light Brigade during the Crimean War.
1870 the Postcard was 1st used in the United States.
1962 John Steinbeck won the Nobel Prize in Literature.
1962 UN ambassador Adlai Stevenson demanded the Soviets confirm or
     deny they have missile bases in Cuba.
1987 the Minnesota Twins win their 1st World Series in the 7th game.
And on this day:
     Saint Crispin's Day
&&
1026
1825 the Erie Canal opened joining Lake Erie and the Hudson River.
1861 Telegraph service was inaugurated in the U.S. (end of Pony Express).
1881 the Gunfight at the OK corral, in Tombstone, AZ, where Wyatt Earp,
     his 2 brothers, Doc Holliday, shoot it out with Ike Clanton's gang.
1903 the "Yerba Buena" becomes 1st Key System ferry to cross SF Bay.
1956 the International Atomic Energy Agency was established.
1958 Pam Am flew the 1st Boeing 707 from N.Y. to Paris in 8 hrs, 41 mins.
1970 the "Doonesbury" comic strip premeired in 28 newspapers.
1972 guided tours of Alcatraz (by the Park Service) began.
&&
1027
1787 The "Federalist" letters started appearing in NY newspapers.
1858 R.H. Macy & Co. opened 1st store, on 6th Avenue, New York City.
1896 1st Pali Road completed in Hawaii (the Pali is a cliff where
     the winds are so strong, streams flow UP.)
1904 1st rapid transit subway, the IRT, opened in New York City.
1938 DuPont announced a name for its new synthetic yarn:  Nylon.
1947 the radio show "You Bet Your Life", starring Groucho Marx,
     premiered on ABC.
1982 China announced the results of a population count by 5 million
     census takers:  1 BILLION people.
&&
1028
1492 Columbus discovered Cuba.
1636 Harvard University was founded.
1886 the Statue of Liberty was dedicated.
1904 St. Louis Police tried a new investigation method - fingerprints.
1919 the Volstead Act was passed by Congress, started Prohibition.
1922 Benito Mussolini took control of Italy.
1958 Angelo Ginseppe Roncalli was elected pope:  Pope John XIII.
1965 the Gateway Arch (630 ft high) was completed in St. Louis, Missouri.
1965 Pope Paul VI absolved Jews for the crucifixion of Christ.
&&
1029
1618 Sir Walter Raleigh was executed.
1833 the 1st College Fraternity was founded.
1863 the International Committee of the Red Cross was founded.
1923 Turkey is proclaimed to have a republican government.
1929 "Black Tuesday", the Stock Market crash; Great Depression began.
1939 the Golden Gate International Exposition closed (1st closure).
1940 the 1st peacetime military draft began in the United States.
1956 "Goodnight, David" "Goodnight, Chet" was heard on NBC for 1st time.
     (Chet Huntley & David Brinkley, NBC News, team up).
1964 the Star of India was stolen from NYC's Museum of Natural History.
1966 the National Organization for Women was founded.
And on this day:
     Republic Day, celebrated in Turkey.
&&
1030
1864 Helena, capital of Montana, was founded.
1938 Orson Welles' radio broadcast of "War of the Worlds".
1941 the U.S. Navy destroyer Reuben James was torpedoed by the German
     Navy even though the U.S. was not at war.
1961 the Soviets test fired a Hydrogen bomb.
1974 Muhammed Ali regained the world heavyweight title by a KO of
     George Foreman in Zaire.
&&
1031
1864 Nevada became the 36th state to enter the Union.
1926 magician Harry Houdini died.
1956 Brooklyn, N.Y. ended streetcar service.
1968 President Johnson halted bombing of North Vietnam in an attempt
     to foster peace talks.
And on this day:
     All Hallows Eve (you know, Halloween)
&&
1101
1512 Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel paintings 1st shown to the public.
1604 Shakespeare's "Othello" was 1st presented in London.
1863 fortifications were built on Angel Island in SF Bay by troops.
1870 the U.S. Weather Bureau began operations.
1913 Notre Dame upsets Army 35-13 popularizing the forward pass and
     calling attention to Norte Dame's captain, Knute Rockne.
1943 the Dimout ban was lifted in San Francisco Bay area.
1947 the 1st Aloha Week Parade was held in Hawaii.
1981 First Class postage was raised from 18 to 20 cents.
And on this day:
     All Saints' Day
&&
1102
1783 George Washington issued his "Farewell Address to the Army."
1889 North Dakota became the 39th state to enter the Union.
1917 the Lansing-Ishii Agreement.
1920 KDKA-Pittsburgh broadcasted the 1st presidential election returns.
1930 Haile Selassie was crowned emperor of Ethiopia.
1947 Howard Hughes flew the Spruce Goose at Long Beach harbor.
     Its only flight.  34 years later it was put on display there.
1948 President Truman surprised experts by being re-elected over GOP
     challenger Tom Dewey.
1961 James Thurber, author-artist, died.
And on this day:
     North & South Dakota Admission Day
     (if it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1103
1903 Panama gained its independence from Columbia.
1900 the 1st Automobile Show, Madison Square Garden.
1917 First Class Mail increased to 3 cents.
1930 Bank of Italy became Bank of America.
1952 Charles Birdseye marketed frozen peas.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Panama
     (it it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1104
1842 Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd in Springfield, Ill.
1854 the Lighthouse was established on Alcatraz Island.
1922 Howard Carter discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamen in Egypt.
1924 Nellie Ross, 1st woman governor in the U.S., was elected in Wyoming.
1979 the U.S. Embassy was seized in Teheran; the hostage crisis began.
And on this day (if it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1105
1781 John Hanson elected 1st "President of the United States in Congress
     assembled" (8 years before Washington was elected).
1872 suffragist Susan B. Anthony was fined $100.00 for attempting to
     vote in the presidential election for Ulysses S. Grant.
1895 the 1st U.S. patent granted for the automobile to George B. Selden.
1912 Roy Rogers, western actor-singer, was born.  Happy Trails to you!
1973 BART began the San Francisco-Daly City train shuttle service.
And on this day:
     Guy Fawkes Day, celebrated in England
     (if it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1106
1850 Yerba Buena & Angel Islands are reserved for military use.
1862 a direct telegraphic link between NY and SF was established.
1869 1st intercollegiate football game played (Rutgers 6, Princeton 4).
1939 WGY-TV Schenectady NY, 1st commercial-license station began service.
And on this day:
     Sadie Hawkins Day (the ladies take the initiative!)
     (if it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1107
1805 Lewis and Clark first sighted the Pacific Ocean.
1811 Battle of Tippecanoe, gave Harrison a presidential slogan.
1875 Verney Cameron was 1st European to cross equitorial Africa.
1885 Canada completed its own transcontinental railway.
1916 Republican Jeanette Rankin became 1st woman elected to Congress.
1944 President FDR was elected to a 4th term.
And on this day (if it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1108
1793 the Louvre Museum, in Paris, was opened to the public.
1889 Montana became the 41st state to enter the Union.
1923 Hitler's 1st attempt to seize power, the "Beer-Hall Putsch" in
     Munich, failed and Hitler was jailed for treason.
1960 John F. Kennedy defeated Richard Nixon for president.
1966 ex-actor Ronald Reagan was elected Governor of California.
And on this day (if it's a Tuesday):
     Election Day.  Have you voted today?
&&
1109
1872 a big Boston fire destroyed nearly 1000 buildings.
1938 Nazis looted and burned Jewish synagogues, stores and homes
     in Germany on "Kristallnacht."
1953 Author-poet Dylan Thomas died in New York at age 39.
1965 a giant power failure occured in New England & Ontario, Canada.
1976 the UN General Assembly approved 10 resolutions condemning
     South Africa's apartheid.
1775 the U.S. Marine Corp was organized by the Continental Congress.
1871 Henry Stanley "presumed" to have found missing Scottish missionary
     Livingston in Ujiji, Central Africa.
1891 1st Woman's Christian Temperance Union meeting held, in Boston.
1928 Hirohito is enthroned as Emperor of Japan.
1951 Direct-Dial, coast-to-coast, telephone service began.
1980 Voyager I flies past Saturn.
&&
1111
1931 slave Nat Turner, leader of a violent insurrection, was executed.
1889 Washington became the 42nd state to enter the Union.
1918 WW I ended with signing of the armistic inside a railroad car.
1921 President Warren Harding dedicated the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
1924 the Palace of Legion of Honor in San Francisco was dedicated.
1939 Kate Smith first sang "God Bless America" on radio.
1957 demolition began on the cable car barn at California & Hyde.
1959 Seals Stadium was demolished.
1982 the Space Shuttle "Columbia" made its 1st commercial flight.
And on this day:
     the REAL Veteran's Day. They fought for your freedom. Remember them!
&&
1112
1873 the Bay District Race Track opened.
1933 1st known photograph of the Loch Ness monster was taken.
1936 the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge opened.
1946 the 1st "autobank" (banking by car) was established, in Chicago
1981 1st time a spacecraft was launched twice -- the Space Shuttle
     "Columbia" lifted off again.
&&
1113
1849 Peter Burnett was elected 1st governor of California.
1895 the first shipment of canned pineapple from Hawaii was made.
1921 The Sheik, starring Rudolph Valentino, was released.
1927 NY's underwater Holland Tunnel, the 1st for vehicles, opened.
1940 the Disney film "Fantasia" premiered on Broadway.
1942 FDR lowered the draft age to 18.
1956 the Supreme Court disallows laws on racial segregation on buses.
1982 the Vietnam Veteran's Memorial was dedicated in Washington D.C..
&&
1114
1792 Capt. George Vancouver was 1st Englishman to enter the SF Bay.
1832 the 1st streetcar appeared, in New York
1851 "Moby Dick", novel by Herman Melville, was 1st published.
1889 Nellie Bly beat Phineas Fogg's time for a trip around the
     world by 8 days (72 days).
1910 1st airplane flight from the deck of a ship.
1922 the BBC (British Broadcasting Company) began broadcasting.
1935 Jordan's King Hussein was born.  Ham call JY1.  Have you worked him?
1959 Kilauea's most spectacular eruption (in Hawaii).
1969 Apollo 12 was launched from Cape Kennedy to the moon.
1981 the old Dutch Windmill in Golden Gate Park repaired & working again.
1986 the SEC imposed a record $100 million fine against inside-trader
     Ivan Boesky.
&&
1115
1777 the Continental Congress approved the Articles of Confederation.
1869 free Postal Delivery was formally inaugurated.
1926 National Broadcasting Company went on-the-air, with 26 stations.
1939 Social Security Administration approved 1st unemployment check.
1940 the first 75,000 men were called for peacetime conscription.
1941 the Cow Palace in San Francisco opened.
1945 WERS disolved, 112-115.5 MHz. closed, 144-148 MHz. opened, 5 and 10
     meters reopened, and portable/mobile/DX restrictions vanished.
1949 KRON (Channel 4, San Francisco) signed on, from 7 to 10 PM.
1966 the flight of Gemini 12 ended successfully.
1969 250,000 Vietnam War protesters staged a demonstration in Wash D.C.
&&
1116
1907 Oklahoma became the 46th state to enter the Union.
1933 Roosevelt established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
1973 NASA launched "Skylab Three" on a 83-day mission.
1981 Actor William Holden died in Santa Monica.
1800 Congress held its 1st session in the new Capitol building.
1853 street signs were authorized at San Francisco intersections.
1869 the Suez Canal formally opened in Egypt.
1913 the Panama Canal opened for use.
1962 Dulles International Airport was dedicated by President Kennedy.
1970 the USSR landed an unmanned vehicle on the moon.
1973 President Nixon announced to the press, "I'm not a crook."
And on ths day:
     the Great American Smoke Out
&&
1118
1889 the Oahu Railway began public service in Hawaii.
1903 Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty gave US exclusive canal rights thru Panama.
1920 Antarctica discovered by U.S. Navy Captain Nathaniel B. Palmer.
1923 Alan Sheppard, former astronaut--1st American in space, was born.
1928 Disney's Mickey Mouse debuts in New York in "Steamboat Willie."
1936 main span of the Golden Gate Bridge was joined.
1949 Dodger Jackie Robinson was named the National Leaque's MVP.
1966 Roman Catholic bishops ended rule against eating meat on Fridays.
1978 912 members of the Peoples Temple of Jonestown, Guyana, committed
     suicide or were murdered at the urging of Rev. Jim Jones.
&&
1119
1493 Christopher Columbus discovered Puerto Rico.
1863 President Lincoln delivered his Gettysburg Address speech.
1895 the pencil was invented.
1959 Ford Motors halted production of their luxury car, the Edsel.
1969 Apollo 12 astronauts made man's 2nd moon landing.
1970 Golden Gate Park Conservatory in SF became a California State
     Historical Landmark.
&&
1120
1888 William Bundy invented the first timecard clock.
1914 the State Department started requiring photographs for passports.
1945 the Nuremburg Trials began.
1947 "Meet the Press" premiered on NBC.
1975 Spain's Francisco Franco died after 40 years of absolute rule.
1983 an estimated 100 million people watched the controversial ABC-TV
     movie "The Day After," which depicted the outbreak of nuclear war.
&&
1121
1789 N. Carolina became the 12th state to enter the Union.  It was
     one of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1794 Honolulu Harbor was discovered.
1877 Thomas Edison announced his invention of the phonograph.
1959 Jack Benny (Violin) & Richard Nixon (Piano) play their famed duet.
1964 the world's longest suspension bridge, the Verrazano-Narrows,
     opened in New York.
1980 87 people died in a fire at the MGM Hotel in Las Vegas.
&&
1122
1718 English pirate Edward Teach--"Blackbeard"--was killed.
1906 the International Radio Telegraphic Convention adopted the "SOS"
     as the new call for emergency help.
1935 first trans-pacific airmail flight made on the China Clipper.
1943 Lebanon gained its independence.
1963 President John F. Kennedy was assasinated in Dallas, Texas.
     VP Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in as the 36th U.S. President.
1977 the Concorde SST began service between New York and Europe.
1987 Nicaragua released 985 political prisoners.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Lebanon
     (if it's a Thursday):
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feative holiday!
&&
1123
1852 just past midnight, a sharp jolt caused Lake Merced to drop 30 feet.
1863 a patent was granted for a process of making color photographs.
1902 Walter Reed, famed Pathologist, died.
1911 Post Hospital at Presidio was renamed Letterman General Hospital.
1936 the 1st issue of LIFE magazine was published by Henry R. Luce.
1971 People's Republic of China was seated at the United Nations.
And on this day (if it's a Thursday):
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feastive holiday!
&&
1124
1863 the Civil War Battle for Lookout Mountain began.
1874 a patent was granted to Joseph Glidden for barbed wire.
1963 accused JFK assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, is fatally shot.
1969 Apollo 12, 2nd manned mission to the moon, ended successfully.
1987 U.S. and Soviet leaders agreed to scrap shorter-and medium-range
     nuclear missiles.
And on this day (if it's a Thursday):
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feastive holiday!
&&
1125
1920 WTAW of College Station, Texas, broadcasted 1st live coverage
     of a football game.
1948 Fort Funston's 16-inch coastal guns were removed.
1963 funeral and burial services for President John F. Kennedy.
1980 Sugar Ray Leonard regained WBC welterweight title after Roberto
     Duran gave up in the 8th round.
1987 Harold Washington, 1st black mayor of Chicago, died at age 65.
And on this day (if it's a Thursday):
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feastive holiday!
&&
1126
1778 Captain Cook discovered Maui (in the Sandwich Islands).
1789 the 1st Thanksgiving Day was declared by George Washington.
1825 the 1st fraternity, Kappa Alpha, was formed at Union College.
1895 the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association was formed.
1940 Nazis force Warsaw Jews to live within a walled ghetto.
1973 President Nixon's secretary, Rose Mary Woods, tells a court she
     erased 18-1/2 minutes of a key Watergate tape.
And on this day (if it's a Thursday):
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feastive holiday!
&&
1127
1890 1st signal box for SF Police Department went into operation.
1901 the 1st Army War College was authorized.
1970 Pope Paul VI was stabbed during a visit to the Philippines.
1978 SF Mayor George Moscone and gay rights activist Supvr Harvey Milk
     were killed by former Supvr Dan White.
1983 violent shoppers swamped stores across the U.S. trying to buy
     Cabbage Patch Kids dolls.
And on this day (if it's a Thursday):
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feastive holiday!
&&
1128
1520 explorer Magellan began crossing the Pacific Ocean.
1895 first U.S auto race, Chicago to Waukegan, Ill., 55 miles, with
     6 cars, winner averaged 7 MPH.
1922 1st skywriting exhibition displayed over New York City.
1942 a fire destroyed Boston's Cocoanut Grove Nightclub killing 491.
1964 the U.S. launched Mariner IV, designed to explore Mars.
And on this day (if it's a Thursday)
     Happy Thanksgiving, a feastive holiday!
&&
1129
1803 Christian Doppler, discoverer of the Doppler Effect (color shift),
     was born.
1849 Sir Ambrose Fleming, inventor of the diode, was born.
1887 the U.S. received rights to Pearl Harbor, on Oahu, Hawaii.
1890 the 1st Army-Navy football game; score was Navy 25, Army 0.
1929 Navy Lt. Cmdr. Richard Byrd flew across the South Pole.
1961 Enos the Chimp was launched aboard Mercury-Atlas V and orbited
     the earth twice.
1988 the 1st Aeroflot flight in 14 years landed at O'Hare Airport,
     carrying 160 Soviets.
&&
1130
1782 U.S. and Britain signed an agreement to end the Revoluntionary War.
1804 Samuel Chase, the 1st U.S. Supreme Court justice to be impeached,
     went on trial.
1939 USSR invaded Finland.
&&
1201
1909 the 1st Christmas Club payment was made, in Carlisle, Penn.
1913 the 1st drive-up gasoline station opened, in Pittsburgh.
1922 1st skywriting over the U.S.--"Hello U.S.A."-- by Capt Turner, RAF.
1939 LaGuardia Airport in New York opened to the public.
1951 the Golden Gate Bridge was closed because of high winds.
1955 Civil rights movement began when seamstress Rosa Parks was arrested
     for refusing to give up her bus seat in Montgomery, Ala.
1958 3 nuns and 92 children died in a Chicago school fire.
1965 airlift of refugees from Cuba to the U.S. began.
&&
1202
1804 Napoleon was crowned French emperor.
1816 the 1st savings bank in the U.S opened as the Philadelphia
     Savings Fund Society.
1823 President James Monroe outlined his doctrine on Western Hemisphere.
1859 abolitionist John Brown was hanged for his raid on Harper's Ferry.
1942 the 1st controlled nuclear demonstration at University of Chicago.
1981 the Moscone Convention Center opened in SF at 11:30 AM.
1982 1st permanent artificial heart received by Dr. B. Clark.
1988 U.S. launched Atlantis with 5 astronauts (to deploy a powerful
     spy radar satellite).
&&
1203
1621 Galileo invented the telescope.
1818 Illinois became the 21st state to enter the Union.
1833 Oberlin College in Ohio was founded.
1952 the 1st television broadcast in Hawaii.
1954 Joseph McCarthy went too far in his attacks and was condemned
     by the U.S. Senate.
1964 800 students at the University of California-Berkeley were arrested.
1967 1st human heart transplant performed, in Capetown, South Africa.
1979 11 young people died as rock fans jammed the Riverfront Coliseum
     in Cincinnati to hear The Who.
1984 2000 people died in Bhopal, India, due to an accident at the
     Union Carbide plant.
&&
1204
1783 Gen. Washington bids his officers farewell at Fraunce's Tavern, NYC.
1816 James Monroe was elected 5th U.S. President.
1915 the Panama Pacific International Exposition opened.
1918 Woodrow Wilson became 1st U.S. President to travel abroad.
1942 U.S. bombers hit Italian mainland 1st time during WWII.
1965 Gemini 7 was launched.
And on this day:
     Hanukkah, Jewish Festival of Lights
&&
1205
1776 Phi Beta Kappa, 1st American scholastic fraternity, was founded.
1848 President Polk triggered the Gold Rush of '49 by confirming gold
     was found in California.
1901 Walter Elias Disney, cartoonist--of Disneyland fame, was born.
1933 Prohibition was repealed when the 21st Amendment was ratified.
1985 the Dow Jones Industrial Average topped 1500 for the 1st time.
&&
1206
1876 the City of Anaheim was incorporated for a second time.
1917 Finland gained its independence.
1988 Atlantis successfully landed from orbit after its secret spy
     satellite mission after 4 days, 9 hours, 5 minutes.
1988 legendary musician, Roy Orbison, died at age 52.
1988 Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and wife Raisa arrived in
     New York, 2nd visit to the U.S., 1 year after his 1st.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Finland
&&
1207
1787 Delaware, the first state to ratify the Constitution, became
     the 1st state to enter the Union.  It was one of the Thirteen
     Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1941 Pearl Harbor was attacked by the Japanese.
1972 Apollo 17, last of the Apollo moon series, was launched.
1987 Soviet leader Gorbachev visited the U.S. for the first time.
1988 thousands were killed when an earthquake hit Armenia (USSR)
     and parts of eastern Turkey, strongest in 80 years.
&&
1208
1913 construction was started on the Palace of Fine Arts in SF.
1914 Battle of the Falkland Islands; several German Navy ships
     were destroyed by the British fleet.
1941 U.S. declared war on Japan following the Pearl Harbor attack.
1941 San Francisco experienced its 1st blackout, at 6:15PM.
1941 FCC suspended U.S. Amateur Radio following attack on Pearl Harbor.
1949 Chinese nationalist gov't moved from the mainland to Formosa.
1980 former Beatle John Lennon was killed in New York City.
1987 the U.S. and USSR signed the INF Treaty in Washington.
&&
1209
1793 Noah Webster established New York's 1st daily newspaper.
1842 the 1st Christmas card was created, in England.
1884 Levant Richardson received patent for ball-bearing roller skates.
1907 1st Christmas Seals were sold, in the Wilmington Post Office.
1941 300 Montgomery, SF, opened as the new Bank of America Headquarters.
1958 Robert Welch and 11 others formed the John Birch Society.
1975 President Ford approved $2.3 billion loan to prevent NYC default.
&&
1210
1817 Mississippi became the 20th state to enter the Union.
1869 women in Wyoming got the right to vote.
1898 the Spanish-American war ended.
1901 the 1st distribution of Nobel Peace Prizes.
1906 Theodore Roosevelt received the Nobel Peace Prize, 1st from the U.S.
And on this day:
     Human Rights Day, a United Nations observance
&&
1211
1816 Indiana became the 19th state to enter the Union.
1914 the Stockton Street Tunnel in San Francisco was completed.
1941 Germany and Italy declared war on the United States.
1946 UNICEF was established.
1961 U.S. began military support for South Vietnam.
1975 First Class postage increased to 13 cents from 10 cents.
1978 6 men robbed $5.8 million in cash and gems from a Lufthansa cargo
     at New York's JFK Airport.
1985 General Electric acquired RCA and NBC.
&&
1212
1787 Pennsylvania became the 2nd state to enter the Union.  It was one
     of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1901 Marconi received 1st transatlantic radio signal from England to U.S.
1917 Rev. Edward Flanagan opened Boy's Town outside Omaha, Nebraska.
1925 the nation's 1st motel, Motel Inn, opened in San Luis Obispo, Calif.
1937 Japanese aircraft sank the U.S. ship Panay in China's Yangtse River.
1963 Kenya gained its independence.
1988 the nation's 1st residence for pregnant inmates opened in Boston.
And on this day:
     Independence Day, celebrated in Kenya
     National Ding-a-ling Day
&&
1213
1642 Dutch navigator Abel Tasman discovered New Zealand.
1869 the 1st waffle iron was patented.
1903 the Wright brothers first airplane flight at Kittyhawk.
1918 Woodrow Wilson, 1st U.S. president to travel aboard, visits France.
1968 Playland at the Beach in San Francisco reopened.
1978 Susan B. Anthony dollar, 1st U.S. coin to honor a woman, was issued.
1983 Martha Collins became 1st female governor of Kentucky.
&&
1214
1799 George Washington died at Mt. Vernon.
1819 Alabama, a slave state, became the 22nd state to enter the Union.
1911 Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was 1st to reach the South Pole.
1946 the UN General Assembly voted to established UN Headquarters in N.Y.
1971 Golden Gate Bridge lights were out all night from a power failure.
&&
1215
1791 the Bill of Rights were ratified when Virginia gave its approval.
1877 a patent was granted to Edison for the phonograph.
1890 Sioux chief, Sitting Bull, was killed in a fight with U.S. troops.
1916 French defeated the Germans in World War I battle at Verdun.
1939 "Gone with the Wind" premiered in Atlanta.
1944 bandleader Glenn Miller disappeared on a flight over the
     English Channel.
1961 movie producer and Disney character creator, Walt Disney, died.
1965 1st rendevous in space; Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 link up.
1969 the SF Fire Dept. replaced leather helmets with plastic ones.
And on this day:
     Bill of Rights Day
&&
1216
1773 the Boston Tea Party in Boston Harbor.
1811 Reelfoot Lake in Tennessee was formed from an earthquake.
1905 "Variety", covering all phases of show business, was 1st published.
1907 Great White Fleet sailed from Hampton Downs on it's world cruise.
1920 100,000 were killed in an 8.6 earthquake which struck China.
1944 the Battle of the Bulge began.
1976 the U.S. halts swine flu shots after several reports of paralysis.
&&
1217
1791 New York City traffic regulation created the 1st one-way street.
1852 the first Hawaiian cavalry was organized.
1860 the Anaheim Township was created in Los Angeles County.
1903 at 10:35AM, for 12 seconds, the 1st sustained motorized aircraft
     flight was accomplished by the Wright Brothers.
1933 the 1st professional football game; Chicago Bears vs. NY Giants.
&&
1218
1787 New Jersey became the 3rd state to enter the Union.  It was one
     of the Thirteen Original States to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
1865 the 13th Amendment abolishing slavery was passed.
1890 Edwin Armstrong, radio pioneer (FM), was born.
1936 the 1st giant Panda was imported to the U.S. from China.
1956 Japan was admitted to the United Nations.
1957 1st U.S. atomic power plant opened in Shippingport, PA.
&&
1219
1732 Benjamin Franklin began publication of "Poor Richard's Almanack".
1776 Washington led 11,000 troops into Valley Forge for the winter.
1843 Charles Dicken's "A Christmas Carol" was published.
1889 the Bishop Museum was founded in Hawaii.
1957 the "Music Man" opened on Broadway.
1959 Walter Williams, last living Civil War veteran, died at age 117.
And on this day:
     Underdog Day
&&
1220
1803 the Louisiana Purchase was officially transferred.
1819 John Geary, 1st Postmaster and 1st Mayor (May 1, 1850) of
     San Francisco, was born.
1820 Missouri imposed an annual $1 "Bachelor Tax" on single men.
1860 South Carolina seceded from the Union.
1879 Thomas Edison demonstrated his incandescent light.
1922 the USSR was formed.
1963 the Berlin Wall opened for the 1st time to allow 1-day visits.
&&
1221
1620 the Mayflower Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock.
1913 1st crossword puzzle (with 32 clues) was printed in New York World.
1937 the 1st feature-length cartoon with color and sound premiered,
     "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs".
1952 the Broadway Tunnel in San Francisco opened.
1968 Apollo VIII launched, 1st to orbit the moon.
1971 Kurt Waldheim of Austria appointed UN Secretary-General.
1988 a Pam Am 747 crashed in Lockerbie, Scotland due to a bomb, killing
     all 259 aboard and 11 on the ground.
And on this day:
     the Winter Solstice (at 2:21 PM PDT), shortest day of the year
&&
1222
1807 Congress passed the Embargo Act.
1894 the U.S. Golf Association was formed.
1963 official mourning for President John F. Kennedy ended.
&&
1223
1783 George Washington resigned as Commander-in-Chief of the Army.
1823 "A Visit from St Nicholas" by Clement Moore was published.
1913 the Federal Reserve Banking System went into effect.
1928 NBC set up a permanent network.
1941 Wake Island surrendered.
1947 the transistor invented by Bardeen, Brattain & Shockley in Bell Labs.
1948 Hideki Tojo and 6 other Japanese war leaders were excuted in Toyko.
&&
1224
1814 Treaty of Ghent signed, ending War of 1812 (this news did not
     arrive until after the Battle of New Orleans).
1865 some Confederate Army veterans formed Ku Klux Klan social club.
1906 the 1st known radio program in U.S. was broadcast.
1910 Luisa Tetrazzini sang to 250,000 people at Lotta's Fountain.
1943 President FDR named Dwight Eisenhower supreme Allied commander.
1968 Apollo VIII astronauts, orbiting the moon, read from Genesis
     during a TV broadcast to earth.
And on this day:
     Christmas Eve, and all through the house ...
&&
1225
 336 1st recorded celebration of Christmas took place in Rome.
1066 William the Conqueror was crowned King of England.
1776 Washington crossed the Delaware into Trenton; surprised Hessians.
1818 the 1st singing of "Silent Night".
1926 Hirohito became Emperor of Japan.
1977 Charlie Chaplin died at age 88.
And on this day:
     Christmas Day.  Merry Christmas!
     Constitution Day, celebrated in Republic of China (Taiwan)
&&
1226
1865 James Mason invented the 1st American coffee percolator.
1925 the 1st East-West football game at Ewing Park before 25,000 fans.
1932 70,000 were killed in a 7.7 earthquake which struck China.
1939 30,000 were killed in a 7.9 earthquake which struck Turkey.
1947 25.8" of snow blanketed NYC while LA set record temperature of 84.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Boxing Day, celebrated in Canada, United Kingdom (except Scotland)
&&
1227
1571 Johannes Kepler, who discovered planets travel in eliptical
     orbits, was born.
1831 Darwin began his voyage onboard the HMS Beagle.
1903 "Sweet Adaline", a barbershop quartet favorite, was 1st sang.
1932 Radio City Music Hall in New York City opened.
1945 28 nations signed an agreement creating the World Bank.
1947 "Howdy Doody," hosted by Bob Smith, premiered on NBC.
1968 Apollo VIII and 3 astronauts splashed down in the Pacific.
1974 Jack Benny, entertainer, died.
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Boxing Day, celebrated in Canada, United Kingdom (except Scotland)
&&
1228
1669 a patent for chewing gum was granted to William Semple.
1832 John C. Calhoun became 1st Vice President to resign.
1846 Iowa became the 29th state to enter the Union.
1902 the Trans-Pacific cable linked Hawaii to the United States.
1908 83,000 were killed in a 7.5 earthquake which struck Italy.
1912 San Francisco Municipal Railway started operation at Geary St.
     (MUNI was the 1st municpally-owned transit system).
1915 City Hall, San Francisco, was dedicated by Mayor James Rolph.
1945 Congress officially sanctioned the "Pledge of Allegiance."
And on this day (if it's a Monday):
     Boxing Day, celebrated in Canada, United Kingdom (except Scotland)
&&
1229
1845 Texas became the 28th state to enter the Union.
1851 the 1st YMCA opened in the United States.
1890 U.S. troops killed over 200 Sioux indians during the Wounded Knee
     massacre in South Dakota.
1911 the San Francisco Symphony was formed.
1937 Pan Am started San Francisco to Auckland, New Zealand service.
1957 Steve Lawrence and Eydie Gorme were married in Las Vegas.
&&
1230
1853 the Gadsden Purchase; the U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for
     Arizona-New Mexico.
1903 600 died in Chicago's Iroquois Theater.
1911 Sun Yat-Sen was elected as China's first president.
1972 the United States halts bombing of North Vietnam.
&&
1231
1857 Queen Victoria proclaimed Ottawa as capital of Canada.
1879 cornerstone laid for Iolani Palace (only royal palace in U.S.).
1879 Edison gave a public demonstration of his incandescent lamp.
1921 the last San Francisco firehorses were retired.
1946 World War II officially ended.
And on this day:
     New Year's Eve.  Remember PLEASE ... IF YOU DRINK, DON'T DRIVE!
&&
END
DX PacketCluster Database - TODAY in history - by K6PBT
&&